不同土壤水分条件下施用黄腐酸与保水剂对玉米生长、耗水及水分利用效率的影响（英文）  

Maize(Zea mays) growth,water consumption and water use efficiency by application of a super absorbent polymer and fulvic acid under two soil moisture conditions

作　　者：郭世文[1] 李品芳[1] 芦谅 YANG John 宋日权 张俊生 于健 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100193 [2]Department of Agriculture & Environmental Science,Lincoln University of Missouri [3]内蒙古自治区水利科学研究院灌溉研究所,呼和浩特010052

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2017年第1期1-11,共11页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：The International Cooperation Project of China(2014DFA71080)

摘　　要：为探讨保水剂和黄腐酸在土壤水分保持以及作物耗水的影响效果,2011年在中国农业大学温室进行了玉米盆栽试验,研究两种土壤水分条件下施用保水剂和黄腐酸对玉米的生长、耗水量和水分利用效率的影响。试验设置了2个土壤含水量水平(田间持水量为40%~50%的干旱条件和田间持水量为70%~80%的正常水分条件)、2个保水剂含量水平(分别为0和0.9g/pot)和4个黄腐酸含量水平(分别为0,0.6,1.2和1.8g/pot)。试验用土来自内蒙玉米田间土壤,每个处理重复4次。结果表明:土壤水分状况严重影响玉米的株高、叶面积、穗粒数、干重、产量和收获指数,而保水剂和黄腐酸的施用可以缓解干旱对这些指标引起的不良影响;保水剂的单独施用降低了玉米的蒸腾速率,提高了产量,联合施用黄腐酸后效果更显著。研究结果显示在干旱缺水条件下,折算施用45kg/hm^2保水剂的基础上再施用120kg/hm^2的黄腐酸效果最好,水分利用效率约提高了90%,产量增加了50%。The application of plant growth regulators may alleviate some negative effects of drought stress.In order to examine the effects of a super water absorbent polymer（SAP）and fulvic acid（FA）on the soil water retention and water consumption during the crop growth,apot experiment was conducted to study maize（Zea mays）growth,water consumption and water use efficiency by applying a SAP and FA under two soil moisture conditions in a greenhouse in2011.The experiment included two levels of soil moisture（40%-50% and 70%-80%field capacity for drought and normal-water treatment conditions,respectively）,two levels of SAP（0and 0.9g/pot）,and four levels of FA.Each treatment had four replicates（0,0.6,1.2and 1.8g/pot）with soil collected from a maize field in Inner Mongolia.The results indicated that higher soil moisture significantly improved plant height,leaf area,grain number,dry weight,grain yield and harvest index,and these effects could be further improved with application of SAP and FA to the soil.In particular,the application of SAP alone reduced maize transpiration rate and increased production,and these effects increased with additional application of FA.At the most effective application rate of both SAP and FA（45 and120kg/hm2,respectively）,a remarkably positive effect on reducing water consumption and improving water use efficiency in maize were achieved.Under low moisture content,the positive effect was even more obvious providing about 90%increase in the water use efficiency,and 50%increase in yield.

关 键 词：玉米 保水剂 黄腐酸 耗水量 收获指数 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S318[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]