从种地到经营地:新型城镇化进程中农地经营模式变迁研究——基于江苏省镇江市平昌新城的个案分析  

From Farming to Operating Land:Change of Farmland Management Model in Process of Urbanization

作　　者：田鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学公共管理学院,江苏南京211199

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2017年第2期103-108,共6页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：2015年国家社会科学基金项目"新型城镇化社区变迁及秩序重建研究"(15BRK008);中央高校基本科研业务费项目"新型城镇化社区组织变迁研究"(2015B08714)

摘　　要：通过对江苏省镇江市平昌新城的个案分析,考察新型城镇化进程中农地经营模式变迁,即从种地到经营地这一现象的发生机制,以新型职业农民阶层立场进入关于中国土地制度改革的思考。首先,新型城镇化进程中生活空间解体导致年轻劳动力流失程度加重,作为生产空间的村落事实上逐步解体并引发传统农地经营模式转型;其次,"国家在场"与"资本下乡"不仅有利于实现土地保障功能向财产功能转型,也是农业产业化和农民现代化动力系统的核心机制;最后,以新型职业农民阶层立场审视新型城镇化进程中"农民市民化、农村社区化、农业现代化"三化协调发展的"新三农"问题,则要求区别对待不同土地经营者"下乡"形成的多元雇佣关系,以培育高素质农业劳动者为契机,"有条件、分步骤"推进中国农地制度诱致性变迁,建立科学合理的制度改革风险分配机制和制度创新利益分享机制,最终实现"农民市民化、农村社区化、农业现代化"三化协调发展。Based on case study in Pingchang new town of Zhenjiang city,Jiangsu province,this paper analyzes the changes of farmland management model in the process of new urbanization,that is,mechanism from farming to operating land and consideration on the new professional farmer class position into the educational world about the reform of China's land system.First of all,in the process of new urbanization,disintegration of living space leads to the increasing loss of young labor force,villages,as the production space,in fact are gradually disintegrated,which triggers the transformation of traditional farmland management pattern.Second,'the national present'and'capital to the countryside'is not only beneficial to the realization of land security function to property function transformation and agricultural industrialization and peasant is the core of modern power system mechanism.Finally,from new professional farmers class side,'citizenization of farmers,rural community and agricultural modernization'in the new proess of urbanization is required to discriminate multiple employment relationship formed by different land operators' 'to the countryside',take the opportunity to foster high quality agricultural laborers,push forward the induced changes of China's land system in'conditional,step by step'ways and set up a scientific and rational reform of the system of risk allocation mechanism and system innovation benefit sharing mechanism so as to finally realizes the coordinated development of'the citizenization of peasants,rural community and agricultural modernization'.

关 键 词：中国土地制度 新型城镇化 农地经营模式 新型职业农民 

分 类 号：F062.2[经济管理—政治经济学]