热带气旋直接降水对中国的影响研究  

Study on the influence of direct rainfall of tropical cyclones in China

作　　者：王科程 黄泓[2] 陈中一[2] 王学忠[2] 

机构地区：[1]66136部队 [2]解放军理工大学气象海洋学院

出　　处：《气象科学》2017年第1期86-92,共7页Journal of the Meteorological Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41375049;40905021;41275099);中国博士后科学基金(2011M500894);公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201206005)

摘　　要：本文基于RSMC台风最佳路径资料以及TRMM逐日降水资料,对1998—2013年间中国区域热带气旋(TC)直接降水的时空分布特征进行了统计研究。结果表明:约54.2%的西北太平洋TC在中国陆地上产生了直接降水。TC直接降水对中国的影响范围较广,未变性TC的降水决定了全部TC降水的西界,而潜在变性TC的降水决定了全部TC降水的北界。自每年的4月开始,TC直接降水开始影响中国,以8月最为频繁,潜在变性TC的影响以9月为最。降水首日,全体TC以台风及以上强度为主,中心主要分布在30°N以南。未变性的TC强度较弱,降水面积大、降水强度强;而潜在变性TC则以台风(TY)及以上强度为主,其单个TC的平均降水面积和降水强度以热带低压(TD)及以下强度TC为最大。本文工作为TC在中国直接降水的气候特征以及TC变性前期降水分布特征提供了一些有意义的结论。By using the RSMC data and TRMM daily precipitation data, the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of direct rainfall by Tropical Cyclones （TCs） in China from 1998 to 2013 were statistically analyzed. Results show that about 54.2% TCs in the Northwest Pacific cause direct rainfall on the land of China. The effect of direct rainfall by TC extends widely in China. The direct rainfall of none ETs determines the western boundary of the whole TC rainfall, and the northern boundary is dependent on the rainfall of the potential ETs. From the beginning of April of each year, the TC direct rainfall started to affect China, and in August it is the most frequent, while the direct rainfall of potential ETs mostly affects China in September. At the first day of TC direct rainfall, the intensities of the whole TCs are mainly due to typhoon and the stronger TC, whose centers mostly are distributed in the south of 30 o N. The none Extratropical Transitions （ETs） have weak intensity, large rainfall area and strong rainfall intensity. The intensities of potential ETs mainly come from typhoon or above, and while the Tropical Depression （TD） or the weaker TC offer the largest rainfall area direct rainfall area and intensitv of each TC. This paperprovides some significant conclusions about the climate characteristics of TCs＇ direct rainfall in China and the distribution of potential ETs＇ direct rainfall.

关 键 词：热带气旋 直接降水 西北太平洋 变性 

分 类 号：P444[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]