环境流计算新方法:水文变化的生态限度法  

A new method for environmental flow assessment: ecological limits of hydrological alteration (ELOHA)

作　　者：董哲仁[1] 赵进勇[1] 张晶[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038

出　　处：《水利水电技术》2017年第1期11-17,共7页Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51509271;51279113);水利部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201501030;201401003)

摘　　要：水文变化的生态限度框架(ELOHA)是环境流理论最新成果。ELOHA要求对河流按照水文情势特征进行分类,相同类型河流的水文—生态关系具有相似性。ELOHA还要求对开发前后水文情势变化进行分析,计算现状水文条件与基准水文条件的偏离程度。ELOHA提出了水文情势变化预期生态响应的若干假定,总结了一套为建立水文—生态关系采用的生态指标。在建立大型水文和生物数据库的基础上,运用统计学方法拟合水文—生态函数关系。最后,各利益相关者对水文变化引起的生态风险进行评估,认定可以接受的生态风险水平,再依据水文—生态曲线,确定环境流标准。The framework of ecological limits of hydrological alteration（ ELOHA） is the latest achievement of environmental flows theory. According to ELOHA framework,rivers are classified by the hydrological regimes and the hydro-ecological relationships are similar for the same type rivers. Furthermore,not only the alterations of the hydrological regime before and after development is required to be analyzed,but the deviation degree between the present hydrological conditions and the reference hydrological conditions are also required to be calculated in ELOHA. Moreover,some assumptions about expected ecological responses of hydrological regime alterations are put forward,and then a set of ecological indices for the hydro-ecological relationship is summarized as well. On the basis of establishing large-scale hydrological and biological database,the hydro-ecological functional relationship is fitted by the statistical method. Finally,the ecological risks caused from the hydrological alterations are evaluated by all the stakeholders for identifying the acceptable ecological risk level,and then the environment flow standard is determined in accordance with the hydro-ecological curve concerned.

关 键 词：环境流评价 水文变化的生态限度 生态指标 水文情势改变 生态响应 

分 类 号：TV12[水利工程—水文学及水资源]