阿尔塔什水利枢纽深孔工作弧门突扩突跌门槽体型试验研究  

Experimental study on shape of sudden lateral enlargement and vertical drop for radial gate slot of deep outlet for Altash Water Control Project

作　　者：孟涛 章晋雄[2] 潘旭东[3] 王志刚[2] 

机构地区：[1]新疆新华叶尔羌河流域水利水电开发有限公司,新疆喀什844000 [2]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038 [3]新疆水利水电勘测设计研究院,新疆乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《水利水电技术》2017年第1期88-93,100,共7页Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51279216)

摘　　要：阿尔塔什水利枢纽是叶尔羌河流域内最大的控制性水库工程,工作弧门的门槽采用突扩突跌坎型式。该工作闸门运行水头高、过流流速大,存在较大的空化空蚀风险。以研究论证工程1#深孔出口工作弧门突扩突跌门槽体型的水力及空化特性为目标,通过减压模型试验,采用三种方案比较优化了突扩突跌门槽区的水流形态。试验结果表明,通过调整突扩后边墙扩散段的扩散角至1.273°,有效消减了下游边墙的水翅强度,门槽段的动水压力、水流空化特性均有明显的改善。提出的水流流态及抗空化特性较好的突扩突跌门槽体型,为今后高水头、大流量深孔工作弧门的门槽体型设计提供了经验和参考。Altash Water Control Project is the largest leading reservoir within Yarkant River Basin,for which the type of sudden lateral enlargement and vertical drop is adopted for the slot of the radial working gate. The operation water head of the working gate is high with large flow rate,while lager risk from cavitation and cavitation erosion is there in the area of the slot. Taking the study and verification of the hydraulic and cavitation characteristics of the shape of sudden lateral enlargement and vertical drop for the slot of the radial working gate for the No. 1 deep outlet of Altash Water Control Project as the objective,the optimized flow patterns within the area of the gate with the shape of sudden lateral enlargement and vertical drop are compared with three schemes. The experiment result shows that the water-wing intensity is effectively reduced after adjusting the diffusion angle for the diffusion section of the side-wall to 1. 273°,and then the hydrodynamic pressure and the flow cavitation characteristics at the slot section are obviously improved. The shape of sudden lateral enlargement and vertical drop for gate slot with better flow pattern and anti-cavitation characteristics proposed herein provides some experiences and references for the design of the gate shape for the radial working gate of deep outlet with high water head and large flow rate in the days to come.

关 键 词：工作弧门 门槽 突扩突跌体型 体型优化 模型试验 阿尔塔什水利枢纽 

分 类 号：TV131.61[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学] TV245