中山市6～13岁儿童遗尿症患病率及患病特征分析  

Prevalence and the characteristics of the children with enuresis in Zhongshan

作　　者：林国模[1] 李正然[1] 潘晓芬[1] 李小琳[1] 付四毛[1] 刘玉玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学附属中山市博爱医院儿科,广东中山528403

出　　处：《中国医药导报》2017年第3期109-112,共4页China Medical Herald

基　　金：广东省中山市科技计划项目(2015B1162)

摘　　要：目的调查中山市小学儿童进行遗尿症患病率及特征,为儿童遗尿症防治提供参考依据。方法于2015年10月~2016年3月采用分层、整群随机抽样法,对中山市6625名6~13岁小学生进行遗尿症问卷调查,并分析小学儿童遗尿症患病率、遗尿特征,以及其对儿童心理相关影响和家长态度等。结果共6625例儿童纳入研究,有遗尿症者684例(10.3%)。男女之比1.94∶1,年龄(8.79±3.54)岁;其中6~7岁119例(17.40%),8~10岁396例(57.89%),11~13岁169例(24.71%)。原发性遗尿症636例(93%);发生季节以冬季为主238例(35%);轻中型(遗尿次数<4次/周)625例(91.4%),重型(遗尿次数≥5次/周)59例(8.6%);入睡后遗尿发生>6 h为285例(41.6%),其次是4~6 h为192例(28%);遗尿量以小量为主416例(60.8%);既往有泌尿系统疾病22例(3.2%),有遗尿家族史者213例(31.1%)。按遗尿程度分组比较,两组间限制晚饭后喝水和睡前小便率的差异统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论儿童遗尿症发病率较高,大部分遗尿症患儿存在心理压力且注意力受到影响,家长重视程度不够。需要做好健康宣教普及遗尿症相关知识,及早干预。Objective To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of the children with enuresis in Zhongshan, in order to provide references for children health and disease prevention. Methods Multilevel Clustering random sampling was used in this epidemiological investigation from October 2015 to March 2016. 6625 children aged 6-13 years were recruited to complete the enuresis questionnaires in order to analyze the prevalence of enuresis, the characteristics and the attitudes of parents. Results 6625 children were enrolled. There were 684 cases of enuresis （10.3%）; the ratio of male to female was 1.94：1, 119 cases were 6 to 7 years old （17.40%）, 396 cases were 8 to 10 years old （57.89%）, 169 cases were 11 to 13 years old （24.71%）. There were 636 （93%） cases were primary enuresis, 48 cases （7%） were secondary enuresis; 238 enuresis cases （35%） occurred mainly in winter; 625 cases （91.4%）had light and medium nocturnal enuresis （〈g times/week）, 59 cases （8.6%） were severe nocturnal enuresis（~ 5 times/week）, the time of enuresis after sleep： 〉6 h were 285 cases （41.6%）, at the next, 4-6 h were 192 cases （28%）. 416 cases （60.8%） with enuresis had a small amount. Some children with nocturnal enuresis were found to have some organic abnormalities： urinary system diseases in 22 cases （3.2%）, positive family history of enuresis in 213 cases （31.1%）. The differences of the rates of ＂ limit drinking water after dinner＂ and ＂bedtime urinate＂ between different degree of enuresis groups were compared, ：he difference was statistically significant （p 〈 0.05）. Conclusion The prevalence of enuresis primary children is high. Fhe majority of children with enuresis have psychological pressure and their attention are affected, but parents do not my enough attention. So health promotion and education, early examinations and treatment should be performed early.

关 键 词：遗尿症 儿童 患病率 

分 类 号：R726.9[医药卫生—儿科]