贵阳市某蔬菜地养殖废水污灌土壤重金属、抗生素复合污染研究  

Co-contamination of heavy metals and antibiotics in soils under husbandry wastewater irrigation in Guiyang City

作　　者：刘艳萍[1] 刘鸿雁[1,2] 吴龙华[3] 徐梦[1] 崔俊丽[1] 高文娅 程晨[1,3] 岳先会 LIU Yanping LIU Hongyan WU Longhua XU Meng CUI Junli GAO Wenya CHENG Chen YUE Xianhui(College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025 College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025 Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学资源与环境工程学院,贵阳550025 [2]贵州大学农学院,贵阳550025 [3]中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室,南京210008

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2017年第3期1074-1082,共9页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.41461097);贵州省应用基础研究计划重大项目(黔科合J重大字[2015]2001);贵州省普通高等学校土壤质量安全与水肥调控重点实验室开放基金(黔教合KY字[2016]001);研究生创新实践基地建设项目(贵大研SJJD[2015]004)~~

摘　　要：养殖废水灌溉农田易造成重金属、抗生素复合污染,从而引发环境健康风险.对贵阳市乌当区长期污灌蔬菜地土壤进行调查研究,探究长期污灌条件下土壤重金属、抗生素复合污染状况.同时,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)对Zn、Cd、Pb、As和Cr含量进行测定,采用超声波提取,固相萃取-高效液相色谱-串联质谱分析的方法对抗生素进行测定.结果表明,与对照组比较,污灌土壤Cd呈积累趋势,Zn、Pb、As含量降低,Cr含量变化不大.Zn、Cd、Pb、As和Cr的污染指数分别为0.59、2.20、0.21、0.86、0.27,Cd达到中度污染水平.污灌土壤Cd、Pb以可还原态为主,Zn、As、Cr以残渣态为主,与对照相比,污灌土壤可还原态重金属普遍升高,其中,可还原态Cd从5.56%增加至57.2%,可还原态Pb从34.5%增加至52.3%.污灌土壤中四环素类、磺胺类和喹诺酮类抗生素含量明显增加,总量范围分别为0.14~15.8、0.26~8.03、0.31~32.8μg·kg^(-1),未污灌对照土壤的四环素类、磺胺类未检出,喹诺酮类含量为0.77~1.13μg·kg^(-1).相关分析结果显示,重金属Pb和Zn与3类抗生素呈正相关关系,存在复合污染现象,而Cd、As和Cr与抗生素之间没有显著的相关关系.Irrigation of husbandry wastewater could lead to co-contamination by antibiotics and heavy metals in soils and pose considerable toxicological risks. The co-contamination in soils under continuous husbandry wastewater irrigation in Wudang District,Guiyang City were investigated.Zn,Cd,Pb,As and Cr were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry（ ICP-MS）. Antibiotics of tetracyclines（ TCs）,sulfonamides（ SAs） and quinolones（ QNs） were extracted by solvent,and detected by liquid chromatography-electrospra ionization tandem mass spectrometry（ LC-ESI-MS/MS）.The results showed that the concentration of Cd generally increased while Zn,Pb and As decreased in the wastewater-irrigated soil compared with thecontrast group. The comprehensive pollution index of Zn,Cd,Pb,As and Cr were 0. 59,2. 20,0. 21,0. 86 and 0. 27,respectively,and Cd was in medium pollution. Compared with the contrast group,Zn,As and Cr were mainly dominated in residual state,but Cd and Pb were in reducible state.Heavy metals in the reducible state generally increased,such as reducible state of Cd increased from 5. 56% to around 57. 2%,and Pb increased from-34.5% to about 52.3%. Concentrations of ∑TCs,∑SAs,and ∑QNs in soils significantly increased with husbandry wastewater irrigation,and ranged from 0.14 to 15.8 μg·kg^-1,0.26 to 8.03 μg·kg^-1and 0.31 to 32.8 μg·kg^-1,respectively. In the non-irrigated soil,TCs and SAs was not detected and concentration of QNs ranged from 0.77 to 1.13 μg·kg^-1. The correlation analysis showed that Pb and Zn exhibited positive correlation with three kinds of antibiotics. However,Cd,As and Cr were not significantly correlated with antibiotics.

关 键 词：养殖废水灌溉 土壤 重金属 抗生素 复合污染 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]