道路积尘湿式采样器研发与测试评价  

Developing and test evaluating of wet road dust sampler

作　　者：黄玉虎[1] 李东晨[2] 秦建平[1] 任碧琪 韩凯丽[1] 王军玲[1] HUANG Yuhu LI Dongchen QIN Jianping REN BiqiI HAN Kaili WANG Junhng(National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, China College of Resource Environment and Tourlsm,Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048 ,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市环境保护科学研究院,国家城市环境污染控制工程技术研究中心,北京100037 [2]首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院,北京100048

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2017年第3期1975-1980,共6页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAC17B01,2014BAC06B05);北京市科技计划课题(Z141100001014014);北京市环境保护科学研究院科技基金资助项目(2014-A-02)

摘　　要：道路扬尘是大气细颗粒物的来源之一,道路清扫保洁可以降低道路积尘负荷和道路扬尘排放。干式吸尘方法在检测潮湿路面和未来更加清洁道路的积尘负荷时有局限性,研发了一款基于高压水冲洗回收的道路积尘湿式采样器,并对采样器的供水量稳定性、冲洗水回收率、道路积尘收集率和道路积尘粒径分布重现性等指标进行评价,结果表明:当水桶(20 L)水位为50%和100%时,采样器供水量分别为(604±3)m L和(606±2)m L,稳定且无差异;在3种粗糙度(大理石、水泥混凝土、沥青混凝土)道路的冲洗水回收率都≥95%;道路积尘收集率随尘土残存量增加而增加,收集率为88%~95%;采样器收集到道路积尘(≤180μm)的粒径分布与原始样品具有很好的重现性;湿式和干式吸尘积尘量的线性关系式为y=2.97x+29.58,R^2=0.63。建议采用道路积尘湿式采样器评价城市道路清扫保洁质量。Fugitive road dust is one of the sources of atmospheric fine particulate matter. Sweeping and cleaning the road can reduce road silt loading and fugitive road dust emissions. Dry dust collection methods have limitations in detecting the silt loading of humid roads and future cleaner road. A wet road dust sampler based on the recovery of high-pressure flushing water was developed and test evaluated. The sampler＇s performance indices include： stability of water supplied,percentage recovery of flush water,collection efficiency of road dust,quality of reproduction of the size distribution of road dust particles,etc. The results showed that when the water level in the bucket（ 20 L） was 50% and 100%,the water supplied to the sampler was（ 604 ± 3） mL and（ 606 ± 2） mL respectively,which was stable. The percentage recovery of flush water on three kinds of roads based on roughness（ marble,concrete,asphalt concrete） are ≥95%. The collection efficiency of road dust increases with the amount of road dust remaining,with the collection efficiency being from 88% to 95%. The road dust collected by the sampler provides a good quality of reproduction of the size distributions of road dust particles,using original road dust（ ≤180 μm）. The linear relation expression between the amount of road dust collected by the wet and dry collection methods is y = 2. 97 x ＋ 29. 58,R^2= 0. 63. The wet road dust sampler can be recommended to improve the quality of sweeping and cleaning of city roads.

关 键 词：道路扬尘 道路积尘 清扫保洁质量 湿式采样器 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]