钢铁材料在黄河三门峡水库中的腐蚀行为  

Corrosion Behaviors of Ferrous Metals Exposed to Yellow River Sanmenxia Reservoir of China

作　　者：刘凯吉 黄桂桥[1,2] 丁国清[1,2] 杨海洋[1,2] LIU Kai-ji HUANG Gui-qiao DING Guo-qing YANG Hai-yang(Qingdao NCS Testing ＆ Protection Technology Co. Ltd, Qingdao 266071, China Qingdao Marine Corrosion Research Institute, Qingdao 266071, China)

机构地区：[1]青岛钢研纳克检测防护技术有限公司,山东青岛266071 [2]钢铁研究总院青岛海洋腐蚀研究所,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《装备环境工程》2017年第2期58-62,共5页Equipment Environmental Engineering

摘　　要：目的获取典型钢铁材料在黄河三门峡水库中长期暴露的腐蚀结果和腐蚀行为。方法采用暴露腐蚀试验,将1种碳钢、3种低合金钢和3种不锈钢材料在三门峡水库中暴露1,2,5,8 a,用金相显微镜测量各材料的点蚀深度,观察腐蚀形貌,并计算其腐蚀速率。结果在三门峡水库中暴露8 a,碳钢和低合金钢的腐蚀行为基本相同,4种钢暴露1 a的平均腐蚀速度接近,为0.047~0.050 mm/a,暴露1~8 a,Q235B的平均腐蚀速度为0.040 mm/a,X70,X80和D36钢的平均腐蚀速度与Q235B相差不大,分别为0.039,0.034,0.037 mm/a。暴露1 a后,0Cr13表面有蚀点,最大点蚀深度为0.010 mm,暴露8 a后,0Cr13试样的边角、钻孔处出现溃烂、穿孔。暴露8 a后,304和316L的最大点蚀深度均小于0.1 mm。结论 Q235B,X70,X80,D36在黄河三门峡水库中的腐蚀行为基本相同,它们在第1年的腐蚀速度较大,暴露1 a后腐蚀速度略有降低。0Cr13腐蚀严重,暴露8 a,发生腐蚀溃烂、穿孔现象。304和316L在三门峡水库中有很好的耐蚀性。Objective To obtain the corrosion results and corrosion behaviors of typical ferrous materials which were exposed to the Yellow River Sanmenxia Reservoir for a long period. Methods Exposure corrosion test was used. One kind of carbon steel, 3 kinds of low-alloy steel, and 3 kinds of stainless steel were exposed in the Sanmenxia Reservoir of the Yellow River forla, 2a, 5a, and 8a. A metalloscope was used to measure the pitting, observe the corrosion morphology and calculate the corrosion rate of different materials. Results The corrosion behaviors of the carbon steel and the low-alloy steel were almost the same after they were exposed in the Sanmenxia Reservoir. The average corrosion rate of four steels exposed for 1 a was similar, it was 0.047-0.050 mm/a. The average corrosion rate of Q235B exposed for 1-8 a was 0.040 mm/a. The average corrosion rate of steel X70, X80 and D36 had little difference with Q235B, were 0.039, 0.034 and 0.037 mm/a respectively. What＇s more, after 1 a of exposure, corrosion spots could be seen in the surface of 0Cr13, the deepest corrosion was 0.010mm; and after 8a of exposure, corrosion and holes could be seen in the corners of 0Cr13, and the deepest corrosion of both 304 and 316L was below 0.1 mm. Conclusion Corrosion behaviors of Q235B,X70, X80 and D36 exposed in the Yellow River Sanmenxia Reservoir are similar. The corrosion rate of steels exposed for 1 a is high, but decreases after the first year. 304 and 316L have good corrosion resistance in the Yellow River Sanmenxia Reservoir, but 0Cr13 is corroded seriously in the river and is perforated after eight years.

关 键 词：钢铁材料 淡水 腐蚀 

分 类 号：TJ04[兵器科学与技术—兵器发射理论与技术] TG172.5[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]