不同施肥处理对西瓜产量和品质的影响  

Effects of different fertilizer treatment on yield and quality of watermelon

作　　者：张琼[1,2] 孙小武[1] 邓大成[2] 唐瀚[2] 罗琳[2] 易宝元 杨红波[2] ZHANG Qiong SUN Xiaowu DENG Dacheng TANG Han LUO Lin YI Baoyuan YANG Hongbo(Landscape and Horticultural Institute of Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China Hunan Cucurbits Research Institute, Shaoyang 422001, Hunan, China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学园林园艺学院,长沙410128 [2]湖南省瓜类研究所,湖南邵阳422001

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2017年第3期32-34,共3页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：国家西甜瓜产业技术体系(CARS-26)

摘　　要：通过露地无籽西瓜肥料试验,研究不同施肥处理对西瓜的生长、果实性状、产量和品质的影响。以无籽西瓜‘雪峰花皮无籽’为试验材料,设置对照不施肥(F0)、一次性施用长效缓释专用肥(F1)、长效缓释专用肥+追肥(F2)、传统复合肥(F3)共4个处理进行试验。结果表明,F1处理的西瓜单株坐果率最高,其他处理单株坐果率基本相近;F1处理的西瓜单瓜质量较F0处理的提高了90.48%,较F3处理的提高了24.11%;F1处理的西瓜产量较F0处理的提高了143.14%,较F3处理提高了51.58%。综上认为,长效缓释专用肥作为基肥一次性施入,整个生育期无需追肥,从而简化了施肥操作,降低了劳动成本,适合轻简化露地西瓜栽培,可节约成本,使效益达到最大化。This project aims to analyze the different fertilization effects on growth, yield and quality of watermelon by simplified cultivation under open field. A seedless watermelon was used as material and four filed plots including the contrast of non-fertilizer（F0）, slow-release special fertilizer （F1）, slow-release special fertilizer＋ top dressing （F2）, traditional compound fertilizer （F3） were tested. The results indicated that treatment F1 showed the highest fruit rate and the single fruit weight increased by 90.48% and 24.11% respectively heavier than F0 and F3, the F1 treatment also showed the highest yield, which increased by 143.14% and 51.58% respectively higher than F0 and F3. In conclusion, the use of slow-release special fertilizer as base fertilizer could reduce the labor cost, which is suitable for simplified watermelon cultivation.

关 键 词：无籽西瓜 缓释施肥 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S651[农业科学—果树学]