重庆市巴南区城乡居民高血压患病水平及其危险因素对比研究  

The Prevalence of Hypertension and Relevant Risk Factors in Banan District of Chongqing City

作　　者：余兰英[1] 方旭东[1] YU Lanying FANG Xudong(Banan District Center for Diseases prevention and Control, Chongqing 401320, China.)

机构地区：[1]重庆市巴南区疾病预防控制中心,重庆401320

出　　处：《职业卫生与病伤》2017年第1期10-15,共6页Occupational Health and Damage

摘　　要：目的了解重庆市巴南区城乡居民高血压患病水平及其危险因素,为制定相关干预措施提供科学依据。方法采用分层多阶段随机抽样方法抽取巴南区城乡18岁及以上常住居民,开展问卷调查、体格测量和实验室检测。结果共调查18岁及以上居民600人,高血压患病率为20.8%,标化患病率为20.2%。其中,城乡居民高血压患病率分别为17.5%和22.5%,两者差异无统计学意义(χ~2=2.02,P>0.05);男女性高血压患病率分别为20.33%和21.33%,两者差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.09,P>0.05);高血压患病率随着年龄增长而呈上升趋势(χ~2=289.48,P<0.05))。单因素分析显示城乡居民高血压患病均受年龄、职业、文化程度、婚姻状况、体质指数、中心性肥胖、糖尿病等7个因素影响,而血脂异常、饮酒与农村居民高血压患病有关。多因素回归分析显示年龄和体质指数均为城乡居民高血压患病危险因素。结论巴南区城乡居民高血压患病率均较高,应加强开展健康教育为主的社区综合干预措施,尤其对高年龄、超重肥胖等高危人群采取主动干预,以降低高血压患病率。Objective To investigate the prevalence of hypertension and related risk factors among urban and rural residents in Banan District of Chongqing and to provide scientific evidence for making intervention measures. Methods The multi- stage random sampling method was used to select the urban and rural residents（ ≥18 years old） for questionnaire survey,physical measurement and laboratory testing. Results 600 residents were investigated,which the prevalence rate of hypertension was 20. 8%,and the standardized prevalence rate was 20. 2%. The prevalence rates of hypertension were 17. 5% and 22. 5% in urban and rural residents respectively with no significant difference（ χ~2= 2. 02,P〉0. 05）. The prevalence rates of hypertension in male and female were 20. 33% and 21. 33% respectively,with no significant difference（ χ~2= 0. 09,P〉0. 05）. The prevalence of hypertension increased with aging（ χ~2= 289. 48,P〈0. 05）. Single factor analysis showed that the prevalence of hypertension was affected by age,occupation,education level,marital status,body mass index,central obesity and diabetes in both urban and rural residents,while the factors of blood lipid abnormalities and drinking were related to the rural residents. Multi- factor regression analysis showed that age and body mass index were the risk factors of hypertension in urban and rural residents. Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension was high among both urban and rural residents in Banan District. Health education based community comprehensive intervention measures should be strengthened,especially for high- risk population such as high age,overweight or obesity,and took active intervention to reduce the incidence of hypertension.

关 键 词：高血压 患病率 危险因素 预防控制 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]