中学生性情境中的自我效能及其与家庭因素的关联性  

Sexual self-efficacy and its association with familial factors among middle school students

作　　者：左霞云[1] 廉启国[1] 毛燕燕[1] 楼超华[1] 张妍[1] 张树成 罗珊[3] 涂晓雯[1] 周维谨[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学生殖与发育研究院上海市计划生育科学研究所/国家人口计生委计划生育药具重点实验室,上海200032 [2]国家卫生计生委科学技术研究所 [3]四川大学华西第二医院

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2017年第2期212-215,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAI32B02);国家科技基础性工作专项项目(2013FY110500)

摘　　要：目的了解中学生在性情境中的拒绝自我效能水平及各种家庭因素与其的关联性,为发挥家庭在促进青少年性健康中的作用提供科学依据。方法采用分阶段抽样方法,对全国8个省城市和农村地区的8 746名中学生进行计算机辅助的自填问卷调查,分析各种家庭因素与中学生拒绝自我效能的关联性。结果 88.98%的中学生报告来自双亲家庭,74.81%的中学生与父母同住。分别有86.32%和91.56%的中学生报告与父亲和母亲的关系融洽,59.04%和64.18%的中学生报告父亲和母亲的管教较严格,分别有65.41%和83.87%的男生和女生报告父母主动与其交流过性相关问题。59%~70%的中学生报告肯定能拒绝朋友怂恿看色情物品、异性朋友坚持的接吻和来自熟人的性骚扰,男生的拒绝自我效能(4.09分)低于女生(4.56分)(t=-26.64,P<0.01)。多因素分析结果显示,男生的拒绝自我效能与父亲的严格管教及与父亲融洽的亲子关系均呈正向关联,女生的拒绝自我效能与父亲或母亲融洽的亲子关系正向关联(P值均<0.05)。结论亲子关系和父母管教对中学生在性情境中的拒绝自我效能影响较家庭结构性变量更突显,其中父亲的角色更突出,应在青少年性与生殖健康促进干预中予以重视。Objective To evaluate the refusing self-efficacy in sexual scripts and the association with familial factors among middle school students. Methods With multi-stage sampling, 8756 middle school students from both urban and rural areas in eight provinces were investigated anonymously with the method of computer assisted self-interview （ CASI）. The association between sexu- al self-efficacy and familial factors were analyzed. Results Majority of the students lived with both parents. About 86% and 91% of the middle school students reported they had good relationship with fathers and mothers respectively. About 59% and 64% of participants reported paternal and maternal strict discipline. Sex-related communication with parents was found in 65.41% of male and 83.87% of female students. About 59% -70% of the students felt confident in refusing peer＇s seducing to watch pornography, kiss request of friends in opposite sex and sexual harassment from acquaintances. Male＇s refusing self-efficacy （4.56） was higher than females （4.09）. Results of multiple regression analysis indicated sexual self-efficacy of male students was positively associated with good father-child relationship and paternal discipline, while female＇s sexual efficacy was positively associated with good relationship with both parents. Conclusion Comparing with family structural factors, parent-child relationship and parental discipline is more salient on refusing self-efficacy in sexual scripts among middle school students, and the role of fathers were more prominent, which should be stressed in adolescent sexual and reproductive health promotion programs.

关 键 词：家庭特征 精神卫生 回归分析 学生 

分 类 号：B844.2[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学] R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]