教育救国的日常路径:对徐公桥改进试验的考察(1926-1934)  

Daily Path of Saving the Nation by Education:A Survey on Xugongqiao Improvement Experiment (1926-1934)

作　　者：小田[1] 郝佩林 XIAO Tian HAO Pei-lin(Sociology School of Sooehow University, Soochow 215123)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学社会学院,江苏苏州215123

出　　处：《中国农史》2017年第1期94-105,29,共13页Agricultural History of China

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"近代江南乡民日常生活研究"(11BZS073)

摘　　要：中华职教社置身于徐公桥共同体(江苏昆山),肆力改进乡村生活,戛戛独辟一条"教育救国"的日常路径。就实践主体而言,以客卿自居的乡村工作者认定,在徐公桥改进试验中,乡间领袖的倚重、地方干部的训练以及乡民的动员固然是他们应尽的社会责任,但共同体的成功自治端赖当地人自动自主的改进,所谓主位角色的扮演。从方式方法上说,作为"富教合一"主义的日常实践,以生计为中心的生活教育在徐公桥改进试验中居于枢纽地位,具体呈现了"富"与"教"之间辩证而统一的关系。由生活理想来看,怀抱传统桃源梦想的知识人在时世洗礼中,科学导引,古今合璧,为徐公桥设计出具有近代生活气息的小康世界。职教社主导的徐公桥试验是近代中国知识人探索救国救民道路的范例,其所蕴含的计划变迁原理显示出独特的历史价值。Chinese Vocational Educational Institute stays in Xugongqiao Community （Kunshan, Jiang- su）, tries their best to improve the country life, so as to creatively open a daily path of saving the nation by edu- cation. As for the practitioner, country worker with the identity of outcomer affirm that, in Xugongqiao improve- ment experiment, even relying on country leader, local cadre training and villagers mobilization are assuredly the social responsibility of them, the effective community self-governance entirely depends on the active and independent improvement of the natives, which is the so called action of emic role. In regard to the means and methods, as the daily practice of combinationism of affluence and education, the life education with the center of livelihood stands the pivot position in Xugongqiao improvement experiment, which concretely presents the dialectical unity relationship between ＇affluence＇and＇education＇. In the perspective of life ideal, intellectuals cherishing traditional dream for the idyllic land with scientific guidance in baptism of times, then mixing tradi- tional and modern elements together, thus design a fairly well-off society of modern times for Xugongqiao. Xu- gongqiao experiment led by Chinese Vocational Educational Institute is the typical exemplification that modern Chinese intellectuals explore the path of saving the country and the people, and the project changes principleinvolved in it demonstrates the unique historical value.

关 键 词：教育救国 日常路径 徐公桥 乡村改进 

分 类 号：S-09[农业科学] K207[历史地理—历史学]