膨胀阻燃体系对涤纶织物的阻燃抗熔滴整理  

Flame retardant and anti-dripping finish of polyester fabrics with intumecent flame retardants

作　　者：马江涛[1] 周翔[1,2] 吴亚容[1,2] 邢志奇[1] MA Jiang-tao ZHOU Xiang WU Ya-rong XING Zhi-qi(College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China Key Laboratory of Eco- Textiles （ Donghua University）, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201620, China)

机构地区：[1]东华大学化学化工与生物工程学院,上海201620 [2]生态纺织教育部重点实验室(东华大学),上海201620

出　　处：《印染》2017年第5期1-5,共5页China Dyeing and Finishing

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)(2013AA06A307)

摘　　要：选择聚磷酸铵(APP)、季戊四醇(PER)和三聚氰胺(MEL)组成膨胀阻燃体系(IFR),用于涤纶织物阻燃抗熔滴整理。结果显示,当IFR总用量为25%,优化APP、PER和MEL比例,可得到较佳的阻燃效果,整理品LOI大于28.5%,损毁长度小于10 cm,无续燃、阴燃,无熔滴。为降低季戊四醇的水溶性和提高它的热稳定性,采用溶胶-凝胶法对季戊四醇进行包覆改性,制备硅凝胶包覆季戊四醇(MPER),X射线光电子能谱(XPS)测试和扫描电镜(SEM)观察证实季戊四醇被包覆,包覆后季戊四醇溶解度降低约50%,热重(TG)分析显示MPER的热稳定性显著提升,用MPER替代PER与APP和MEL复配用于涤纶阻燃整理,LOI提高至32%,残炭量增加并且更完整和致密。An intumescent flame retardant system （IFR） is composed with ammonium polyphosphate （APP）, pentaerythritol （PER） and melamine （MEL）, and used for flame retardant and anti-dripping finish of polyester fabric. The results show that the ideal flame retardancy performance is obtained by optimiz- ing the ratio of APP： PER： MEL when the concentration of IFR is 25%. The limit oxygen index （LOI） of treated PET fabric is above 28.5%, damage length is less than 10 cm, no continued combustion, smolder- ing or droplet occur. In order to reduce the water solubility and improve the thermal stability of PER, the PER is encapsulated with silica gel by sol-gel process. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS） and scan- ing electron microscope （SEM） results indicate that silica gel encapsulated PER （MPER） is successfully prepared and the solubility of pentaerythritol is decreased by 50%. Thermogravimetry （TG） analysis shows that the thermal stability of MPER is significantly enhanced. Flame retardancy performance of PET fabrics is further improved by treating with MPER, APP and MEL, the LOI is increased to 32%, the char residue of treated PET fabrics is increased, and the morphology of the char residue is smooth and compact.

关 键 词：阻燃整理 抗熔滴 膨胀型阻燃剂 包覆改性 涤纶 

分 类 号：TS195.592[轻工技术与工程—纺织化学与染整工程]