造纸废水灌溉下芦苇叶片重金属含量对叶绿素荧光参数的影响  

Effect of contents of heavy metal ions in leaves of Phragmites australis irrigated by papermaking wastewater on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. WANG Li-yao,SU Fang-li*,LI

作　　者：王历瑶 苏芳莉[1] 李海福[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学水利学院,沈阳110866

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2017年第3期707-712,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31470710;31570706;31200392);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07202004)资助

摘　　要：以辽河口建群种芦苇(Phragmites australis)为供试材料,采用小试装置研究在化学需氧量(CODCr)浓度分别为50、175和300 mg·L-1的造纸废水灌溉条件下芦苇叶片中重金属Cr^(6+)、Zn^(2+)和Cu^(2+)含量和叶绿素荧光参数(F_v/F_m和F_v/F_o)的变化特征,探讨芦苇荧光参数对废水灌溉的响应机制。结果表明,造纸废水灌溉对芦苇叶片中Cr^(6+)、Cu^(2+)、Zn^(2+)含量影响显著(P<0.05),最大累计值分别是对照组相应重金属离子的2.80、3.66和3.86倍,且CODCr浓度越大重金属含量越高。3种重金属在不同生育期芦苇叶片中的积累存在差异,Cr^(6+)和Zn^(2+)主要在成熟期积累,Cu^(2+)主要在快速生长期积累。CODCr为50和175 mg·L-1的造纸废水灌溉提高了芦苇叶片光系统Ⅱ反应中心转换效率(F_v/F_m)和潜在活性(F_v/F_o),而CODCr为300 mg·L-1的造纸废水灌溉下,相应叶绿素荧光参数分别降低了8.19%和24.94%,表明光系统Ⅱ功能受到抑制。叶绿素荧光参数对3种重金属表现出不同响应机制,F_v/F_o和F_v/F_m值随Cr^(6+)和Zn^(2+)含量升高而减小,随Cu^(2+)含量升高而增大,其中F_v/F_m与重金属Cr^(6+)含量呈显著性负相关,F_v/F_o与Cu^(2+)含量呈显著性正相关。Chlorophyll fluorescence analysis is a commonly used technique to study plant photosynthetic physiology and to detect plant physical condition based on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters,including conversion efficiency（ Fv/ Fm） and potential activity（ Fv/ Fo） of photosystem（ PS） at PSⅡ reaction center. To study the response of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of Phragmites australis to irrigation using paper-making wastewater,the concentrations of heavy metal ions（ Cr^6＋,Zn^2＋and Cu^2＋） and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in leaves of P. australis were observed. The P. australis plants were from Liaohe Estuary wetland,and irrigated with paper-making wastewater with concentration of chemical oxygen demand（ CODCr） set to 50,175 or 300 mg· L^-1. The results showed that irrigation using paper-making wastewater significantly affected the concentrations of heavy metal ions（ Cr^6＋,Zn^2＋ and Cu^2＋） in leaves（ P〈0.05）. The concentrations of heavy metal ions increased with the increase of CODCrconcentration,and the greatest concentrations of Cr^6＋,Zn^2＋and Cu^2＋ accumulated in leaves were respectively 2.80,3.66 and 3.86 times as much as those in leaves with non-irrigation of paper-making wastewater. The accumulation of the three heavy metal ions in leaves varied in different growth periods. Cr^6＋ and Zn^2＋ mainly were accumulated in mature stage,and Cu^2＋mainly accumulated in jointing stage. In addition,the concentration of CODCrin paper-making wastewater also influenced the chlorophyllfluorescence parameters. Fv/ Fmand Fv/ Fowere improved under irrigation using the paper-making wastewater with concentrations of CODCr50 and 175 mg·L^-1. But when the concentration of CODCrwas 300 mg·L^-1,Fv/ Fmand Fv/ Fowere reduced by 8.19% and 24.94% respectively,which illustrates that the function of PSⅡ reaction center was restrained. In conclusion,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters showed different responses to the three heavy metal ions. The values of Fv/ Foand Fv/

关 键 词：芦苇 化学需氧量 重金属离子 光系统Ⅱ反应中心 转换效率 潜在活性 

分 类 号：S564.2[农业科学—作物学]