出 处:《国际麻醉学与复苏杂志》2017年第2期138-142,共5页International Journal of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation
摘 要:目的 观察不同呼气末正压通气(positive end-expiratory pressure, PEEP)对头低位腹腔镜手术患者的肺顺应性及肺氧合的影响,探讨在头低位腹腔镜手术施行PEEP的合适水平。 方法 选择ASA分级Ⅰ、Ⅱ级,择期行腹腔镜直结肠手术患者45例,根据随机数字表法分成3组(每组15例):Ⅰ组,PEEP=0;Ⅱ组,PEEP=4 cmH2O(1 cmH2O=0.098 kPa);Ⅲ组,PEEP=8 cmH2O。术中采用容量控制通气,维持PETCO2 35~45 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa),记录麻醉诱导后即刻(T0)、手术开始后10 min(T1)、各组实施不同水平PEEP干预后30 min(T2)和60 min(T3)、手术结束拔管前10 min(T4)的PETCO2、肺动态顺应性(pulmonary dynamic compliance, Cdyn),并同时抽取动脉血和深静脉血行血气分析,计算死腔通气比(dead space ventilation ratio, Vd/Vt)和肺内分流率(intrapulmonary shunt, Qs/Qt)。 结果 3组患者一般资料、HR及MAP差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。3组患者Cdyn在T1时较T0时均降低(P<0.05),Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组在T2时上升,在T4时[Ⅱ组(50.9±9.8) ml/cmH2O,Ⅲ组(58.8±13.4) ml/cmH2O]高于T0时[Ⅱ组(47.6±10.6) ml/cmH2O,Ⅲ组(51.3±10.8) ml/cmH2O](P<0.05),Ⅲ组在T2、T3时高于Ⅰ组[T2:Ⅲ组(42.8±9.9) ml/cmH2O,Ⅰ组(29.3±8.0) ml/cmH2O;T3:Ⅲ组(42.9±10.3) ml/cmH2O,Ⅰ组(29.3±8.6) ml/cmH2O](P<0.05)。3组的Vd/Vt在T1时均增大(P<0.05),Ⅰ组和Ⅲ组在T4时[Ⅰ组(21.5±7.6)%,Ⅲ组(24.2±6.8)%]高于T0时[Ⅰ组(9.5±5.8)%,Ⅲ组(10.7±5.2)%](P<0.05),而Ⅱ组在T4时[(12.2±6.8)%]同T0时[(9.9±7.8)%]比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),且低于同一时点Ⅰ组和Ⅲ组(P<0.05)。Ⅱ组的Qs/Qt在T4时低于Ⅰ组[Ⅱ组(12.3±6.3)%,Ⅰ组(26.2±20.8)%](P<0.05)。中心静脉血氧分压(central venous partial pressure of oxygen, PObjective To observe the effect of different level of positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) on the lung compliance and oxygenation of the patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery with head down position, and to investigate the appropriate level of PEEP in those surgery. Methods Forty-five ASAⅠ or Ⅱpatients undergoing elective laparoscopic rectum and colon surgery were included in this study. Patients were divided into 3 groups by a random number method(n=15): PEEP=0 (group Ⅰ), PEEP=4 cmH2O(1 cmH2O=0.098 kPa, group Ⅱ), PEEP=8 cmH2O (group Ⅲ). Volume control ventilation mode was set to maintain the PETCO2 between 35 mmHg and 45 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa). The PETCO2 and lung dynamic compliance (Cdyn) was recorded in five time points: after the induction of anesthesia (T0), 10 min after the beginning of the operation (T1), 30 min (T2) and 60 min(T3) after the implementation of different levels of PEEP, 10 min before the end of surgery(T4). Blood samples were also obtained from radial artery and right internal jugular vein at the same time to calculation the dead space ventilation ratio(Vd/Vt) and intrapulmonary shunt(Qs/Qt). Results Demographic profile, HR and MAP were similar in these three groups(P〉0.05). The Cdyn of all three groups released at T1 to T0 (P〈0.05). The Cdyn of group Ⅱand group Ⅲ increased at T2, and both of them at T4 [groupⅡ(50.9±9.8) ml/cmH2O, group Ⅲ(58.8±13.4) ml/cmH2O] were still higher than at T0[groupⅡ(47.6±10.6) ml/cmH2O, group Ⅲ(51.3±10.8) ml/cmH2O](P〈0.05), the Cdyn of group Ⅲ was entirely higher than group Ⅰ at T2 and T3[T2, group Ⅲ (42.8±9.9) ml/cmH2O, groupⅠ(29.3±8.0) ml/cmH2O, T3, group Ⅲ (42.9±10.3) ml/cmH2O, groupⅠ(29.3±8.6) ml/cmH2O](P〈0.05). The Vd/Vt of all three groups increased at T1 (P〈0.05). Among them, the Vd/Vt of both groupⅠand group Ⅲ at T4 [groupⅠ(21.5±7.6)%, group Ⅲ(24.2±6.8)%] were higher tha
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