2011-2015年重庆市涪陵区小学生视力不良情况调查结果  

Eyesight Condition of Pupils in Fuling District of Chongqing From 2011 to 2015

作　　者：喻珊[1] 刘榆[1] 李吉文[1] YU Shah LIU Yu LI Jiwen(Fuling District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing 408000, China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市涪陵区疾病预防控制中心卫生监测科,重庆涪陵408000

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2017年第4期334-338,共5页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

摘　　要：目的了解涪陵区小学生视力状况,分析造成小学生视力不良的原因,为进一步提出预防小学生视力不良的策略提供依据和参考。方法对2011-2015年全区所有小学生的视力检查结果进行统计分析。结果 2011-2015年全区小学生视力不良检出率分别为24.7%、23.7%、24.0%、29.7%和30.6%,5年视力不良检出率比较差异具有统计学意义(χ~2=814.6,P<0.05);男生视力不良检出率低于女生(男生为24.6%、女生为27.4%),两者比较差异具有统计学意义(χ~2=203.6,P<0.05);城区小学生、非城区(乡镇、农村)小学生不良视力检出率分别为38.0%、16.6%,城区小学生不良视力检出率高于非城区小学生(χ~2=12 014.9,P<0.05);低年级组(小学一、二、三年级)、高年级组(小学四、五、六年级)小学生不良视力检出率分别为22.4%、30.3%,高年级组小学生不良视力检出率高于低年级组小学生(χ~2=1 633.7,P<0.05);在所检出的不良视力小学生中轻度视力不良、中度视力不良、重度视力不良所占比例分别为46.1%、32.9%和21.0%。结论涪陵区小学生不良视力检出率高且其比例随着时间逐渐增加,家长、学校及相关部门应加强对小学生如何健康用眼、预防近视等知识的宣传和教育。Objective To investigate the eyesight status of pupils in Fuling district, explore the influncing factors of poor eyesight and provide a reliable evidence for disease prevention. Methods The results of eyesight examination were analyzed among the pupils in Fuling district from 2011 to 2015. Results From 2011 to 2015, the prevalence of poor eyesight among pupils was 24.7% , 23.7% , 24.0%, 29. 7%, 30. 6% , respectively, there were significant differences among the five years （X2 = 814.6, P 〈 0. 05 ） ; the prevalence of poor eye- sight in the boys was lower than that in the girls＇ （ 24.6% vs. 27.4% ） with significant difference （X2 = 203.6, P 〈0.05） ; the prevalence of poor eyesight in urban and rural area was 38.0% and 16.6% , respectively , the prevalence of poor eyesight in urban area was significantly higher than that in rural area （X2 = 12 014.9, P 〈0.05 ） ; the prevalence of poor eyesight in junior group （ grade 1 - 3, 22.4% ） was significantly lower （X2 = 1 633.7, P 〈 0.05） than that in senior group （grade 3 - 6, 30. 3% ） ; the number of mild, mod- erate and severe poor eyesight among pupils accounted for 46. 1% , 32.9% and 21.0% , respectively. Conclusion The prevalence of poor sight among pupils was extremely high as time goes on. The school, parents and relevant department should apply more effective health education of pupils.

关 键 词：小学生 不良视力 检出率 预防近视 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]