敦煌莫高窟第390窟绘塑题材初探  

A Preliminary Study on the Statues and Paintings in Mogao Cave 390

作　　者：王惠民[1] WANG Huimin(Archaeological Institute, Dunhuang Academy, Dunhuang, Gansu 73620)

机构地区：[1]敦煌研究院考古研究所,甘肃敦煌736200

出　　处：《敦煌研究》2017年第1期54-62,共9页Dunhuang Research

摘　　要：莫高窟第390窟开凿于7世纪初叶,四壁上层共绘53铺说法图,本文推测是表示佛教的五十三佛;中层和下层共绘60铺说法图,本文推测是三十五佛和二十五佛的组合;东壁门上绘七佛。三阶教六时礼忏就要念五十三佛、三十五佛、二十五佛、七佛,由此推测第390窟的主题可能是礼忏,很可能与当时流行的三阶教信仰有关。Dunhuang Cave 390 was constructed in the early 7th century, in which there are 53 preaching scenes painted on the upper part of the four walls and 60 preaching scenes on the middle and lower parts. This paper infers that the upper part is a description of the Fifty-Three Buddhas in Buddhism, while those on the middle and lower parts are a combination of the Thirty-Five Buddhas and the Twenty-Five Buddhas. In the Three-Stage School, practitioners worship six times a day by reciting the names of the Fifty-Three Buddhas, Thirty-Five Buddhas, Twenty-Five Buddhas, and Seven Buddhas. It can thus be inferred that worship is the theme of cave 390, which is likely related to the popularity of the Three-Stage School at that time.

关 键 词：莫高窟第390窟 三阶教 念佛 礼忏 

分 类 号：K879.41[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]