城乡交错带典型溪流沟渠沉积物氮污染特征及硝化-反硝化潜力  

Pollution Characteristics and Nitrification and Denitrification Potential of Superficial Sediments from Streams in an Urban-Rural Fringe

作　　者：秦如彬 李如忠[1] 高苏蒂[2] 张瑞钢[3] QIN Ru-bin LI Ru-zhong GAO Su-di ZHANG Rui-gang(School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China Collage of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Xinhua University, Hefei 230088, China School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China)

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学资源与环境工程学院,合肥230009 [2]安徽新华学院土木与环境工程学院,合肥230088 [3]合肥工业大学土木与水利工程学院,合肥230009

出　　处：《环境科学》2017年第3期936-945,共10页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51579061;51179042)

摘　　要：2015年5月~2016年7月,在合肥市城乡交错带3条溪流沟渠上,按季节采集表层沉积物样,分析沉积物的氮素污染特征,解析潜在硝化速率PNR、表面硝化速率ANR及反硝化速率的时空变化性,并以偏最小二乘回归分析法进行影响因子分析.结果表明:1关镇河支渠氮素污染最为严重,TN均值达4 516.39 mg·kg-1,分别为磨店小溪流和陶冲小溪流的2.56、1.36倍,NH_4^+-N和NO_3^--N含量也表现为关镇河支渠最高,磨店小溪流最低;2 3条溪流沟渠PNR和ANR几乎都表现为夏季最高,冬季最低,春、秋两季则大体相当,高低排序为陶冲小溪流>磨店小溪流>关镇河支渠;3关镇河支渠反硝化速率均值为10.59 mg·(kg·h)-1,分别为磨店小溪流和陶冲小溪流的3.16、1.75倍,3条溪流沟渠的反硝化速率和反硝化活性都表现为夏季高于春季;4根据参数FVIP,各溪流沟渠ANR、PNR和反硝化速率几乎都与沉积物的pH、OM、NH_4^+-N、NO_3^--N、TN、TP存在较为显著的相关关系,但不同溪流水体之间存在差异性.From May 2015 to June 2016,seasonal sediment samples were collected from three headwater streams in the urban-rural fringe of Hefei,Chaohu Lake basin,China. The nitrogen pollution characteristics of sediments were preliminarily investigated for the three streams. Three metrics,that is,potential nitrification rate（ PNR）,areal nitrification rate（ ANR） and rate of denitrification were quantitatively determined,and their spatial and temporal variations were discussed subsequently. Moreover,the relationship between PNR,ANR or denitrification rate and a list of environmental factors was discriminated by using partial least-squares regression analysis. Results showed that： 1 Guanzhenhe Distributary was the most polluted stream with a mean content of 4 516. 39 mg·kg- 1for TN,which was 2. 56 and 1. 36 times higher than those of Modian Stream and Taochong Stream,respectively. Similarly,the highest values for NH_4＋-N and NO_3--N emerged in Guanzhenhe Distributary while the lowest existed in Modian Stream. 2 There were distinct seasonal variations in PNR and ANR,namely,the maximum values emerged in summer,minimum in winter,and almost equivalent in spring and autumn. And the arrangement in order for PNR and ANR was Taochong Stream〉 Modian Stream 〉 Guanzhenhe Distributary.3 The mean rate of denitrification in Guanzhenhe Distributary was 10. 59 mg·（ kg·h）- 1,which was 3. 16 and 1. 75 times higher than those in Modian Stream and Taochong Stream,respectively. In addition,both denitrification rate and denitrification activity in summer were higher than those in spring for the three streams. 4 According to the variable importance plot（ FVIP）,ANR,PNR and rate of denitrification were almost all significantly correlated with such physical and chemical factors as pH,OM,NH4＋-N,NO3--N,TN and TP in sediments for the three streams.

关 键 词：氮素污染 潜在硝化速率(PNR) 表面硝化速率(ANR) 反硝化速率 城乡交错带 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]