某中医院血源性病原体职业暴露调查与对策  

Investigation and countermeasure of occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens in a TCM hospital

作　　者：雷晓婷[1] 吴荣华[1] 林红[1] 孙慧[1] LEI Xiao-ting WU Rong-hua LIN Hong SUN Hui(Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of TCM,Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of TCM,Nanjing 210029, China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省中医院,南京中医药大学附属医院感染管理办公室,江苏南京210029

出　　处：《疾病监测与控制》2017年第2期102-104,共3页Journal of Diseases Monitor and Control

摘　　要：目的分析某中医院62例血源性病原体职业暴露个案,发现职业暴露预防的重点环节,探讨预防措施并拟定对策。方法设计《医务人员职业暴露调查表》,前瞻性调查2011-2015年间血源性病原体职业暴露个案,调查内容包括暴露者基本资料、暴露类型与程度、暴露的时机、患者感染状态与暴露者免疫状态。使用Epi Data 3.1软件整理数据。结果暴露者以护士居多,病房与手术室是高发部门。91.94%为锐器伤;被带血锐器刺伤、伴有出血的中等风险暴露占59.68%。58.06%的暴露发生于操作中,40.32%发生于操作后。75.81%的医务人员暴露于乙肝病毒,而29.03%的暴露者未注射过乙肝疫苗。结论监测职业暴露事件,针对工作人员的不同暴露风险进行强化培训,改进标准操作流程细节,提高医务人员免疫接种率,可减少医院内血源性职业暴露。Objective To analysis 62 cases of occupational bloodborne pathogens exposure in a traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, find out the weak links, explore the preventive measures and solution. Methods： We designed. Methods Staff Occupational Exposure Questionnaire, launched an investigation into bloodbome pathogens occupational exposure incidence in 2011-2015. Information such as basic data of the exposed, types and extent of the incidence, time point of the injury, infections status of the patient and immune status of the exposed were collected and collated by Epidata3.1 software. Results Most of the exposed were nurses, and wards and operation room was the high incidence Department. 91.94% of cases were sharp injuries. Moderate risk exposure associated with bleeding or stabbing by the sharp with blood was accounting for 59.68%. 58.06% of the exposure occurred during the operation, 40.32% occurred aiter the operation. 75.81% of the medical staff was exposed to hepatitis B virus, while 29.03% of those were not vaccinated. Conclusion Monitoring of occupational exposure incident, implementing intensive training for staff according to different exposure risk, improving the standard operation process in detail, and increasing immunization rate of medical staff, may reduce the incidence of occupational exposure to bloodbome pathogens.

关 键 词：中医院 医务人员 血源性病原体 职业暴露 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]