不适宜高海拔作业人员调离情况及调离发生时间研究  

Study of the basic law of occupation situation and occurrence time of the workers who is unsuitable for high altitude operations

作　　者：李绪南 马世伟[2] 徐树清 雷占军 梁茹 蔡航 LI Xu-nan MA Shi-wei XU Shu-qing LEI Zhan-jun LIANG Ru CAI Hang(Guangzhou Railway （Group） Company, Guangzhou510088, China Environmental protection research institute cchinese railway science research institute Qingzhang Railway Company Nanjing center for disease control and prevention Lanzhou center for disease control and prevention)

机构地区：[1]广州铁路(集团)公司,广东广州510088 [2]中国铁道科学研究院节能环保劳卫研究所 [3]青藏铁路公司(青海西宁) [4]南京铁路疾病预防控制所 [5]兰州铁路疾病预防控制所

出　　处：《疾病监测与控制》2017年第3期173-176,共4页Journal of Diseases Monitor and Control

基　　金：中国铁路总公司2014年立项课题[2014Z005-B]

摘　　要：目的探索不适宜高海拔作业人员调离情况及调离发生时间规律,从而为相关人员健康管理提供参考依据。方法对某铁路公司2007-2013年调离职工基本信息、上高原信息、调离原因等进行分析。结果某铁路公司2007-2013年的年平均调离率为374.87/万,新增年平均调离率为318.31/万。427名调离职工中调离原因以血红蛋白异常比例最高(26.50%)。平均调离时间均值为31.83月,范围为2~102月。不同年龄组、海拔、工种调离时间均值都有统计学差别(P﹤0.01)。红细胞、尿酸异常组调离时间均值分别为28.74月和21.96月,均低于正常组(P﹤0.01),B超、心脏彩超和其他血细胞异常组调离时间均值分别为40.75月、50.98月和50.97月,均高于正常组(P﹤0.01)。结论红细胞异常是不适宜高海拔作业职工调离的主要原因,调离时间均值与年龄、海拔、工种等因素有关,高海拔工作时间越长,人体受伤害的系统越多。Objective Find the basic law of occupation mobility situation and occurrence time of the workers who is unsuitable for high altitude operations, so as to provide reference for the relevant personnel health management. Methods Analyze the base information and reason of the workers, occupation mobility in a railway company from 2007 to 2013. Results The railway company＇s average annual transfer rate of 374.87/10 000, the average annual new transfer rate is 318.31/10 000 during 2007 to 2013. The highest reasons for occupation mobility in those 427 workers who were transferred is haemoglobin anomaly（26.50%）. The mean of occupation mobility time is 31.83 months, and the range is 2 to 102 months. There have statistically difference in the age group, altitude and occupation（P﹤0.01）. The mean of occupation mobility time of Erythrocyte abnormality group and Uric acid abnormality group is 28.74 months and 21.96 months, which were lower than the normal group（P ﹤ 0.01）, while the mean of B-mode ultrasonography abnormality group, echocardiography abnormality group and other blood cell abnormality group are 40.75 months, 50.98 months and 50.97 month, which were higher than normal group（P﹤0.01）. Conclusion Erythrocyte abnormality is the main reason why the workers in high altitude made the job mobility. Ages, altitudes and occupations will make an influence on the mean of job mobility time. The longer working time in high altitude, the more systems in body will get hunt.

关 键 词：高海拔 铁路职工 调离 研究 

分 类 号：R128.1[医药卫生—环境卫生学]