2013—2015年上海市徐汇区诺如病毒感染聚集性疫情流行特征与病原学分析  

Analysis on epidemiological and aetiological characteristics of aggregation epidemic induced by norovirus infection in Xuhui District of Shanghai from 2013-2015

作　　者：段蓉[1] 刘景壹[1] 沈红[1] 张俊婕[1] 张春华[1] DUAN Rong LIU Jing-yi SHEN Hong ZHANG Jun-jie ZHANG Chun-hua(Department of Planned Immunization, Xuhui Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200237,Chin)

机构地区：[1]上海市徐汇区疾病预防控制中心防疫计免科,上海200237

出　　处：《职业与健康》2017年第1期63-65,70,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的分析上海市徐汇区诺如病毒感染确诊或疑似聚集性疫情的流行病学特征。方法收集2013—2015年上海市徐汇区报告的疑似或确诊诺如病毒感染引起的呕吐/腹泻聚集性疫情流行病学和病原学检测资料。结果共报告33起聚集性疫情,报告病例数398例,总罹患率为2.29%。聚集性疫情持续时间M=4 d。秋冬季高发,10月至次年3月共发生28起(84.85%)。中学校和幼儿园共27起(81.82%),小学的罹患率最高(35.71%),各场所发生罹患率差异有统计学意义(χ2=26.032,P<0.01)。临床症状以呕吐为主,共265例(66.58%),呕吐伴腹泻94例(23.62%),发热123例(30.90%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=352.971,P<0.01)。结论诺如病毒是引起上海市徐汇区学校/托幼机构等集体单位呕吐/腹泻发生的主要病原之一,诺如病毒GⅡ为主要病原体之一。[Objective]To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of aggregation epidemic induced by confirmed or suspected norovirus infection in Xuhui District of Shanghai.[Methods]The epidemiological and pathogenic characteristics of vomiting/diarrhea aggregation epidemic induced by confirmed or suspected norovirus infection in Xuhui District of Shanghai from 2013-2015 were collected and analyzed.[Results]There were 33 aggregation epidemic events,including 398 cases,and the overall attack rate was2.29%. The median duration of aggregation epidemic was 4 days. The peak season appeared in autumn and winter,and 28 events occurred during October-March,accounting for 84.85%. 27（81.82%）events occurred in schools and kindergartens. The attack rate in primary schools was the highest（35.71%）,and the difference in attack rate was statistically significant among difference places（χ2=26.032,P〈0.01）. The main clinical symptom was vomiting,which occurred in 265 cases（66.58%）,while there were 94（23.62%）cases of vomiting combined with diarrhea,123（30.90%）cases of fever,and the differences were statistically significant（χ2=352.971,P〈0.01）.[Conclusion]Norovirus is one of the main causes of vomiting/ diarrhea aggregation epidemic in schools and kindergartens in Xuhui District of Shanghai,and G II is the main genotype of norovirus infection.

关 键 词：诺如病毒 聚集性疫情 流行特征 病原学 

分 类 号：R181.8[医药卫生—流行病学]