不同覆盖度牧草地年土壤风蚀量对比分析  

Comparative Analysis of Annual Soil Wind Erosion of Grassland Under Different Coverage

作　　者：狄伟佳 马礼[1] 刘丑年 DI Weijia MA Li LIU Chounian(College of Environment and Tourism Resource,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048,China Water Supplies Bureau in Shangdu County Inner Mongolia,Inner Mongolia Shangdu 013450,China)

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院,北京100048 [2]内蒙古商都县水务局,内蒙古商都013450

出　　处：《河北师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第1期73-77,共5页Journal of Hebei Normal University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41071068;40671006)

摘　　要：以地处内蒙古阴山北麓丘陵区农牧交错带的商都县为研究区,采用标桩法,在3个年度监测不同覆盖度牧草地土壤风蚀量,对比分析不同覆盖度牧草地年土壤风蚀量及其年际变化.结果表明:牧草地植被覆盖度是影响土壤年风蚀量的主要因素之一,覆盖度越大,土壤抗风蚀能力越强.冬春季降水量是影响土壤风蚀量的重要因素,降水量较多可有效减少土壤风蚀.近10余年京津风沙源治理成效显著,土壤风蚀量减少.今后应加强草原建设,保护优先,以自然恢复为主,采取围封禁牧、休牧、轮牧、改良牧草场、人工种草等措施,提高牧草地质量,增加其覆盖度;同时应限养牲畜,实现草畜平衡,促进当地生态系统恢复与可持续发展.Shangdu county located in the hilly areas ecotone of northern Yinshan mountainous area in Inner Mongolia is selected as the research area. Using standard stake method to monitor annual soil wind erosion of grassland under different coverage in three years, soil erosion thickness of different coverage in different years is compared. The results indicate that the coverage of grassland is one of the main factors that influence the annual soil wind erosion. The greater the coverage, the stronger the ability of soil resistance to wind erosion. Precipitation in winter and spring is also an important factor,and more precipitation can effectively reduce soil erosion. In recent decades,the effect of sandstorm source control in Beijing and Tianjin is obvious, and soil wind erosion decreases. Grassland construction should be strengthened in the future. The priority of protection and natural recovery will be taken to improve the quality and coverage of grassland, by fenced grazing prohibition, rest grazing, rotational grazing, grass field improvement, and artifi- cial grass. At the same time, the number of livestock should be limited to achieve the balance between grass and livestock,and to promote the local ecosystem restoration and sustainable development.

关 键 词：年土壤风蚀量 标桩法 植被覆盖度 阴山北麓 商都县 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]