2008-2015年嘉兴市农药中毒报告情况分析  

Pesticide Poisoning Report in Jiaxing During 2008-2015

作　　者：朱泽[1] 周哲华[1] 夏中华[1] 胡赞[1] 薛婷[1] ZHU Ze ZHOU Zhe-hua XIA Zhong-hua et al(J iaxing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jiaxing , Zhejiang 314000, China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省嘉兴市疾病预防控制中心,浙江嘉兴314000

出　　处：《中国农村卫生事业管理》2017年第2期157-159,共3页Chinese Rural Health Service Administration

摘　　要：目的:了解嘉兴市农药中毒报告病例的特点和原因,为农药中毒安全防护措施的制定与施行提供科学依据。方法:通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统—职业病与职业卫生信息监测系统收集2008-2015年嘉兴市农药中毒报告数据。应用χ2检验进行统计分析。结果:2008-2015年嘉兴市共报告农药中毒1 838例,死亡123例,病死率为6.69%。生产性农药中毒260例(占14.15%),非生产性农药中毒1 578例(占85.85%)。生产性农药中毒以45岁~及以上年龄组病例数较多(合计占81.15%),非生产性农药中毒以25岁~、35岁~、45岁~和65岁以上年龄组病例数较多(合计占67.17%);非生产性农药中毒各年龄组病死率差异有统计学意义(χ2=63.22,P<0.01),以≥65岁~年龄组病死率最高(19.75%)。生产性农药中毒男性高于女性(男性∶女性=1.74∶1),非生产性农药中毒男性低于女性(男性∶女性=0.66∶1)。生产性农药中毒季节性明显,第三季度中毒病例最多(占79.62%);非生产性农药中毒随季节因素变化不大。农药中毒的品种中,以杀虫剂1 323例(占71.98%)为主。结论:嘉兴市农药中毒现状不容乐观,应加强健康教育,提高农民自我防护意识,尤其应加强心理干预,从而有效预防农药中毒的发生。Objective To investigate the characteristics and causes of acute pesticide poisoning cases in Jiaxing City, and to provide scientific basis for the formulation and implementation of safety protection measures for pesticide poison- ing. Methods The registration data of pesticide poisoning in Jiaxing City during 2008--2015 were collected,via occupa- tional disease and occupational health information monitoring system, the China disease prevention and control informa- tion system,to perform statistical analysis. Results Totally 1838 cases of pesticide poisoning were reported in Jiaxing from 2008 to 2008,123 cases （6.69 %） among which died. 260 cases （ 14. 15 %） were occupational pesticide poisoning, while 1578 cases（85.85 %）were nonoccupational pesticide poisoning. Occupational pesticide poisoning cases were main- ly found in the age group of 45～ and older, which accounted for 81.15% of all the cases. Nonoccupational pesticide poisoning cases were mainly found in the age groups of 25 ～,35 ～,45 ～ and 65 years or older, which accounted for 67.17 ～ of all the cases. There was statistically significant difference in the mortality rate of nonoccupational pesticide poisoning（x2 =63.22, P〈0.01）. The highest mortality rate（19.75 % ）was found in the age group of 65 and older. Oc- cupational pesticide poisoning cases in male was higher than female（male ： female = 1.74 ： 1）while nonoccupational pesticide poisoning cases in male was than female（male ： female= 0.66 ： 1）. The occurrence of occupational pesticide poisoning showed seasonal characteristic, which were mostly reported in the third season（79.62 %）, while the occur- rence of nonoccupational pesticide poisoning showed no such characteristic. Among the causes of pesticide poisoning,in- secticides ranked the first. Totally there were 1 323 cases（71, 98 %）reported. Conclusions The situation of pesticide poi- soning in Jiaxing city is not optimistic,therefore,we should strengthen health education,improve the awarenes

关 键 词：农药中毒 病死率 杀虫剂 健康教育 原因 

分 类 号：R595.4[医药卫生—内科学]