及物性研究:回顾与思考  

Researches on Transitivity:Reviews and Reflections

作　　者：王惠静[1] 文旭[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学外国语学院/外国语言学与外语教育研究中心,重庆400715

出　　处：《西安外国语大学学报》2017年第1期12-16,共5页Journal of Xi’an International Studies University

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目"认知语言学理论建设与汉语的认知研究"(项目编号:15ZDB099);重庆市社科规划项目"认知语法视角下语言及物性的句法;语义界面研究"(项目编号:2016YBYY078);重庆市重点文科基地外国语言学与外语教育研究中心项目"认知视角的中国古诗英译与中国诗歌文化对外传播研究"(项目编号:1410061)的部分成果

摘　　要：及物性作为重要的语法范畴,一直是语言学家研究的热门话题。形式的研究视角认为及物性是句法问题而非语义问题,将其视为及物动词和不及物动词的二分概念,但对于大量语言事实难以做出令人满意的解释。类型学研究认为,及物性是小句特征,是一个连续体,但相关研究大都局限于对语言现象的纯粹描写,对小句及物性高低的判断,及物典型以及影响因素等的认识还存在不足。认知语言学视角的及物性研究,对前期研究的局限进行了补充,可以更有效地解决语言形式、意义和认知之间的关系,关注语言背后的认知机制。认知的及物性研究需要结合语料库以及实验的研究方法,使其研究成果更具科学性和可行性。Transitivity, as an important grammatical category, has always been a hot topic for linguists. The formalist view of transitivity regards it as a pure grammatical issue and relates it to the dichotomic feature of verbs （transitive and intransitive）. However, this view fails to provide satisfactory explanations for the numerous linguistic facts. A typological view of transitivity points out that it is a clause-level property, involving a number of scalar influencing factors. Though this research has led to a better understanding of transitivity, it leaves such issues as transitivity ranking problematic, lacking thorough explanation for the linguistic data. The cognitive study of transitivity offers a more effective explanation for the relationship of form and meaning and the cognitive mechanism behind the language. However, the introspective cognitive study is most constructive when supplemented by the corpus and experimental methods.

关 键 词：及物性 形式主义观点 类型学 认知 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]