北京市2886名食品和公共场所从业人员基本医疗素养水平及其影响因素  

Basic medical literacy level and its influencing factors among 2 886 employees in food industry and public places of Beijing

作　　者：刘秀颖[1] 赵芳红[2] 范娜娜[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京市疾病预防控制中心科研教学管理办公室,北京100013 [2]北京市疾病预防控制中心预防保健中心,北京100013 [3]首都医科大学卫生管理与教育学院,北京100069

出　　处：《职业与健康》2017年第2期263-266,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的分析北京市食品和公共场所从业人员基本医疗素养水平现状并探讨其影响因素,为有针对性地开展健康教育和健康促进干预工作提供依据。方法采用《公共卫生从业相关素养调查问卷》及《2013年中国居民健康素养调查问卷》,对2 886名到北京市疾病预防控制中心办理健康证的食品和公共场所从业人员进行问卷调查。用χ~2检验分析不同特征人群基本医疗素养水平,用logistic回归分析基本医疗素养的影响因素。结果北京市食品和公共场所从业人员具备基本医疗素养的比例为3.2%,在健康素养6类问题中水平最低。2型糖尿病患者对健康管理服务(11.3%)、肝脏相关知识(11.6%)、孕期检查次数(17.7%)、药品标签知识(24.3%)以及孕产妇保健卡的建立(25.0%)等知识的知晓率较低。单因素分析显示,基本医疗素养水平随着文化程度的升高而提高,职业对基本医疗素养水平具有一定的影响,上网方便的从业人员基本医疗素养水平较高;但未发现地域、性别、年龄、家庭人均月收入等因素对北京地区公共卫生从业人员基本医疗素养水平的作用。多因素logistic分析显示,在控制了其他因素后,文化程度和职业是北京地区公共卫生从业人员基本医疗素养的重要影响因素。结论北京市食品和公共场所从业人员基本医疗素养水平普遍较低,在今后工作中应加强相关知识和技能的培训和宣传教育,扩大信息获取渠道;针对重点人群和主要问题,采取适宜的、可及性强的干预和健康知识传播措施。[Objective]To analyze the basic medical literacy level among employees in food industry and public places of Beijing,explore its influencing factors,and provide the basis for carrying out the health education and health promotion intervention.[Methods]By using the Questionnaire on related literacy of public health practitioners and the Chinese resident health literacy questionnaire in 2013,the questionnaire investigation was performed among 2 886 employees in food industry and public places,who applied for a health certificate in Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Chi-square was used to analyze the basic medical literacy level of the population with different characteristics,and the logistic regression was used to explore the related influencing factors.[Results]3.2% of the respondents were classified as having enough health literacy of basic medical care,which was the lowest in the six categories of health literacy problems. The patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus had the lower awareness rate on health management services（11.3%）,liver-related knowledge（11.6%）,frequency of prenatal examination（17.7%）,drug label information（24.3%）and establishment of maternal health cards（25.0%）. Univariate analysis showed that the level of basic medical literacy increased with the increasing education level,occupation had the influence on basic medical literacy level,and employees who were convenient to surf the internet had the higher level of basic medical literacy,while the influences of region,sex,age and family monthly income on basic medical literacy level were not observed. Multiple logistic analysis indicated that education level and occupation were the major influencing factors of basic medical literacy level among employees in food industry and public places of Beijing after controlling for other factors.[Conclusion]The basic medical literacy level is generally low among employees in food industry and public places of Beijing. It is necessary to strengthen the training and educatio

关 键 词：食品和公共场所从业人员 基本医疗素养 影响因素 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]