中国对外直接投资对国内制造业就业的贡献  

The Contribution of China's Foreign Direct Investment to Domestic Manufacturing Industry

作　　者：刘海云[1] 廖庆梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学经济学院

出　　处：《世界经济研究》2017年第3期56-67,共12页World Economy Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"我国对外直接投资的产业转移效应及对策研究"(项目编号:14BJY088)的阶段性研究成果;项目负责人:刘海云

摘　　要：文章对中国制造业对外直接投资(OFDI)存量分类型进行了测算,以此为基础考察其对国内制造业就业的贡献,并结合制造业参与全球价值链的分工地位进一步探讨了分工地位如何影响这一贡献。研究发现,OFDI显著扩大了国内制造业就业规模,并且这一贡献作用主要来自于垂直型OFDI。不同技术水平制造业存在差异,初级制造业总体OFDI对国内就业有正向促进作用,其中垂直型OFDI有显著的正向促进作用,而水平型OFDI对国内就业存在显著的替代作用;中等技术制造业OFDI对国内就业的影响不显著;高技术制造业OFDI对国内就业存在正向促进作用,但只有水平型OFDI通过了显著性检验。考虑制造业全球价值链分工地位的作用时发现,总体制造业全球价值链分工地位的提高会抑制OFDI对国内制造业就业的促进作用;但不同技术水平行业间存在差异,初级制造业行业全球价值链分工地位的提高抑制了OFDI对国内制造业劳动力需求的促进作用;相比较,高技术行业分工地位的上升则提高了OFDI对国内就业的正向促进作用。In this paper,we have measured the stock classification of OFDI in China and investigated its impact on domestic employment. The status of labor division in the global value chain whether or not impacts the role of OFDI in employment is further discussed in this paper. The study finds that OFDI significantly increases the level of employment in the domestic manufacturing industry,and this promotion comes mainly from the vertical OFDI. There is a difference in the conclusion of the manufacturing industry at different technical levels. The overall OFDI in the primary manufacturing sector has a positive effect on the domestic employment,in which the vertical OFDI has a positive effect,while the horizontal OFDI has a significant substitution effect on the domestic employment. The effect of OFDI on domestic employment is not significant. The high-tech manufacturing OFDI has positive effect on domestic employment,but only level-OFDI has passed the significant level. When taking into account the labor division status of the global value chain of the manufacturing industry,it is found that the increase of the global labor division in the global manufacturing value chain will increase the substitution effect of OFDI on domestic employment. However,there are differences among the different skill levels in the industry. The employment status of the high-tech industry has a positive effect on the increase of the employment status of OFDI.

关 键 词：对外直接投资 就业 制造业 全球价值链分工地位 

分 类 号：F832.6[经济管理—金融学] F424F249.2