基于Fluent的埋地原油管道泄漏事故后果分析  

Accidental consequence analysis of buried crude oil pipeline leakage based on Fluent

作　　者：姜璐[1] 梁伟[1] 仇经纬[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)机械与储运工程学院,北京102249

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2017年第1期199-203,共5页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51005247)

摘　　要：埋地输油管道一旦发生泄漏,一方面会造成土壤污染,另一方面当原油泄漏量过多时会上渗到地面形成油池,进而引发池火灾,对人员、环境、设备均会造成危害。为了研究埋地输油管道泄漏事故的后果,为事故救援及处理提供参考,提出了一种针对此类事故的土壤污染、池火灾后果定量分析方法。方法以Fluent软件为工具模拟原油被点燃前的泄漏扩散情况,分析原油在土壤及地面上的扩散规律及范围,并结合危害模型得到池火灾造成的热辐射危害范围。利用该方法对不同管道压力和泄漏孔径的6种工况下的事故进行了分析,结果表明,原油管道泄漏时的压力及泄漏孔径对原油扩散速度影响较大,进而影响避免事故的难易程度。This paper is aimed at introducing a consequence evaluation method it has developed in combination with the CFD numerical simulation with the accident consequence model（pool fire） we have established,in hoping to provide a quantitative evaluation of the consequence of the leakage.For the purpose of the study,it can be assumed that the leaking accident is likely to lead to the ignition of the leakage source 30 meters away from leakage point.Our simulations with the help of the Fluent software have been done to investigate the process of the oil leaking from the buried pipeline to its being ignited at the fire spot.The investigation of ours may involve the following factors,such as the leakage duration time,the soil pollution range and the thermal radiation damage radius,that is to say,the investigation may involve six conditions with different leakage hole size and the pipeline pressure.The simulation results we have gained show that the leakage duration time length should be in inverse proportion to the leakage hole size and pressure.Moreover,the emergency measures should be oriented to shorten the leakage duration length to prevent the oil leaked from being ignited.Therefore,it would be more difficult to prevent the oil pool from getting fired.And for this need,we have made a contrastive analysis of the oil diffusion range immersed into the soil and the rest part left over the ground surface.The results of our investigation in this connection indicate that the diffusion speed turns to be faster with a broader diffusion range than in the narrow one.Besides,we have also analyzed the mass flowing rate of the oil penetrating into the ground under different conditions,finding that the mass flowing rate increases with the increase of leakage hole size and the pipeline pressure.Furthermore,we have also measured the diameter and the depth of the diffusion in each case,which can be taken as a guide for the soil remediation after the accident.And,then,we have also calculated the heat radiation intensity and the deathc

关 键 词：安全工程 原油管道泄漏 FLUENT 后果分析 

分 类 号：X937[环境科学与工程—安全科学]