典型有机溶剂使用行业VOCs成分谱及臭氧生成潜势  

Source profiles and ozone formation potential of volatile organic compounds from the use of solvents in typical industry

作　　者：田亮[1] 魏巍[1] 程水源[1] 李国昊[2] 王刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学区域大气复合污染防治北京市重点实验室,北京100124 [2]北京市环境保护科学研究院,北京100037

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2017年第1期314-320,共7页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家环保公益性行业科研专项(201409006);国家科技支撑计划课题(2013BAC17B00)

摘　　要：选取我国北方某重工业城市的家具喷涂、汽车喷涂、印刷打印等典型溶剂使用行业,分析各工艺过程VOCs(挥发性有机化合物)排放的化学成分谱信息,并计算了臭氧生成潜势。现场调研获得其溶剂使用量信息,采用SUMMA罐在车间进行VOCs样品采集,使用气象色谱/质谱系统对样品进行检测。结果表明,各工艺过程排放的TVOCs(VOCs化合物浓度之和)均较高,其中汽车硝基涂料(NC)喷涂工艺排放TVOCs质量浓度最高,达5 520.09μg/m^3,打印店最低,为755.32μg/m^3。对各工艺过程,家具喷涂中聚氨酯涂料(PU)、硝基涂料(NC)喷涂工艺和汽车NC漆喷涂工艺排放的VOCs都以苯系物为主,质量分数均在80%以上,主要组分包括邻-二甲苯、乙苯、甲苯、1,2,4-三甲苯、间,对-二甲苯和苯。报纸和铜版纸印刷排放VOCs以烷烃、苯系物为主,两者烷烃质量分数分别为39.51%和33.34%,苯系物质量分数分别为54.80%和51.07%,且报纸印刷排放VOCs主要组分为癸烷、乙苯及1,2,4-三甲苯,报纸和铜版纸印刷排放VOCs主要组分为1-丁烯、间乙基甲苯和对乙基甲苯。打印店排放VOCs中质量分数最高的是烷烃(65.09%)。上述行业臭氧生成潜势最高的是家具PU漆喷涂(5.863 g O_3/g VOCs),其次是家具NC漆喷涂(5.714g O_3/g VOCs)和汽车NC漆喷涂(5.505 g O_3/g VOCs),苯系物为主要贡献物。基于原辅材料消耗量的排放因子法计算出各工艺过程VOCs实际排放量,研究表明家具厂1和2的PU漆喷涂工艺VOCs排放量最高,分别为623.36 t/a和94.72 t/a。In this study we would like to choose the furniture paint,auto paint,printing factories and printing shops to make a detailed descriptive analysis of the chemical profiles and ozone formation potential of VOCs emitted from the different production processes in a heavy industry clustered city in China north.In this paper,we would like to quote the information and data mainly in terms of solvent application we have gained through our own field investigation,with the samples being collected by SUMMA canisters in the workshop and examined by means of the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.The results of our investigation and analysis have shown that nearly all the industrial processes involve higher TVOCs concentration.Literally speaking,the auto paint proves to contain the highest mass concentration of TVOCs（5 520.09 μg/m^3） while the printing shops turn to be lowest（755.32 μg/m^3） of TVOCs in mass concentration.As to VOCs emitted from the furniture paintings and the auto paints,both of which are mainly composed of aromatics and account for 70%of the total TVOCs concentration according to our data statistics.What is more,it has been found that the major species of VOCs emitted from the furniture paintings and the auto paints can be stated as o-xylene,ethylbenzene,toluene,1,2,4-toluene,m,p-xylene and benzene.As for VOCs emitted from the newspaper printing and coated printing,they have been found mainly composed of alkanes and aromatics,in which alkanes take up about39.51%and 33.34%,respectively,whereas aromatics account for 54.80%and 51.07%,respectively.The investigation results also indicate that undecane,decane,and ethylbenzene serve as the main components of VOCs emitted from the newspaper printing,whereas VOCs emitted from the coated printing mainly contain 1-butene,m-ethyltoluene and p-ethyltoluene.The highest concentration of VOCs components emitted from the printing shop should be alkanes（65.09%）.The highest ozone formation potential tends to be PU spray paint of the furniture paint（5.863 g O

关 键 词：环境学 溶剂使用 VOCs成分谱 臭氧生成潜势 

分 类 号：X511[环境科学与工程—环境工程]