真空电弧阳极斑点对电流过零时刻阳极表面温度的影响研究  

Influence of Vacuum Arc Anode Spot on the Anode Surface Temperature at Current Passing Zero

作　　者：孔国威 马慧[2] 刘志远[2] 魏杰 KONG Guowei MA Hui LIU Zhiyuan WEI Jie(Beijing SOJO Electric Co., Ltd., Beijing 100085, China Department of Electrical Engineering, Xi＇an Jiaotong University, Xi＇an 710049, China)

机构地区：[1]北京双杰电气股份有限公司,北京100085 [2]西安交通大学电气学院,西安710049

出　　处：《高压电器》2017年第3期51-56,共6页High Voltage Apparatus

摘　　要：大电流真空开断的电弧过程主要由阳极现象,特别是阳极斑点现象所支配。真空电弧阳极斑点形成制约着真空开断的成功与否,其中原因为阳极斑点形成过程伴随着阳极表面加热、熔化甚至蒸发,对阳极热特征产生至关重要的影响,并决定了弧后介质恢复过程。由此文中展开了真空电弧阳极斑点出现后电流过零时刻阳极表面温度的研究。实验测量结果表明阳极斑点形成后零时刻阳极表面温度T0anode并不随电弧电流Iarc、分闸速度v的改变发生显著变化,而是趋向于一个稳定的范围,触头材料为CuCr25时该温度范围为1 600~1 800 K,但外施纵向磁场BAMF则有利于T0anode的波动范围减小。同时,实验测量发现不同触头材料下阳极斑点形成后电流过零时刻阳极表面温度T0anode的稳定范围不同,Cu、CuCr50时T0anode范围分别为18 00~1 900 K和1 700~1 800 K。During a high-current vacuum interruption, the vacuum arc process is mainly dominated by the anode phenomenon, especially the anode spot phenomenon. Formation of a vacuum arc anode spot restricts the success of the vacuum interruption because formation of the anode spot often induces anode surface heating, melting or even evaporating, which crucially influences the thermal characteristics of the anode and determines the post-arc recovery process of the dielectric. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the anode surface temperature at current passing zero after appearance of a vacuum arc anode spot. Experimental results show that after anode spot appearance the anode surface temperature at current passing zero moment （T~~o）is almost independent of the arc current and the opening velocity, but tends to a stable range. The temperature range is 1 600-1 800 K for the contact material CuCr25. External axial magnetic field facilitates the restriction of fluctuation of the temperature 0 T anode0. In addition, different contact materials have different ranges of Tanode o e.g., the ranges of Tande o e.g for Cu and CuCr50 are 1 800～1 900 K and 1 700-1 800 K,respectively.

关 键 词：真空电弧 阳极斑点 阳极表面温度 电流过零 

分 类 号：TM501.2[电气工程—电器]