新型直流真空断路器强迫换流分断特性  

Forced Commutation Interruption Characteristic of Novel DC Vacuum Circuit Breaker

作　　者：张超[1] 刘路辉[1] 徐国顺[1] 江壮贤[1] ZHANG Chao LIU Luhui XU Guoshun JIANG Zhuangxian(College of Electrical Engineering, Naval University of Engineering, Wuhan 430033, Chin)

机构地区：[1]海军工程大学电气工程学院,武汉430033

出　　处：《高压电器》2017年第3期141-146,共6页High Voltage Apparatus

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51207166;51307179)~~

摘　　要：基于强迫换流原理的新型混合型直流真空断路器是解决高上升率直流短路电流分断难题的有效方式。获知短燃弧、短间隙条件下真空开关大电流分断特性是快速直流真空断路器的研制基础。利用合成实验平台,研究了采用Cu Cr50平板型触头的真空开关,燃弧时间数百微秒,触头开距不足2 mm的条件下,分断20 kA左右电流的介质强度恢复特性。实验结果表明:真空开关分断电流17 kA时,以110 A/μs的速率换流过零后,经过41μs的近似零电压阶段的恢复,可以成功抗受10 kV/mm的电场应力,但延迟击穿重燃现象时有发生;分断电流21 k A时,电场应力不足5 kV/mm时,便会发生击穿重燃。通过触头结构设计,使开关分离拉燃电弧时形成双柱乃至多柱电弧成为改善真空开关分断特性的可行方法。The novel DC hybrid vacuum circuit breaker for fault protection in DC power system with small time based on forced commutation principle is effective factor. The realization of a rapid DC vacuum cir- cult breaker （VCB） depends on the knowledge of the high current interruption characteristics of a vacuum circuit breaker in the condition of short arcing duration and short gap. In this study, a synthetic test cir- cuit was used to study the dielectric recovery of a VCB with CuCrS0 butt contacts after interrupting 20 kA DC currents in the condition that the arcing time was hundreds of microseconds and the contact gap was not more than 2 mm. Experiment results showed that for interrupting the current of 17 kA with the decline rate of 110 A/μs, the VCB could still withstand electric field strength of 10 kWmm after dielectric recov- ery time of 41 μs, but delayed dielectric breakdown happened at times. When the interrupted current in- creased to 21 kA, the broken-down electric field strength was below 5 kV/mm. The interruption perfor- mance of VCB can be improved by using new contact structure to get multiple-column arc ignited at the moment contacts opening.

关 键 词：直流真空断路器 介质恢复 微粒 

分 类 号：TM561.2[电气工程—电器]