网络模式、标准联盟与主导设计的产生  

Network patterns,standard alliance and the emergence of a dominant design

作　　者：李冬梅[1] 宋志红[2] 

机构地区：[1]山西大学经济与管理学院,山西太原030006 [2]山西大学管理与决策研究所,山西太原030006

出　　处：《科学学研究》2017年第3期428-437,共10页Studies in Science of Science

摘　　要：基于社会网络理论,采用纵向案例研究方法,考察了技术标准开发前技术发起者的网络模式对标准联盟及主导设计产生的影响。通过对激光光盘行业BD vs.HD DVD标准竞争的案例研究发现,网络中心性较高的技术发起者能够吸引更多潜在的技术支持者,从而有助于扩大标准联盟规模和多元性;技术发起者的网络关系特征对标准联盟规模的影响,取决于网络关系强度及标准联盟所处的不同阶段:在标准联盟演化的早期阶段,技术发起者能够吸引与之具有强联系的潜在支持者加入标准联盟;在标准联盟演化的后期阶段,随着技术标准竞争态势的变化,即使技术发起者与潜在支持者之间存在强联系,这种联结关系也可能在"赢者通吃"的标准竞争中受到机会主义行为的威胁。本文结论对于理解主导设计产生以及参与标准竞争的技术发起者具有重要的理论和实践指导意义。Based on the social network theory, the paper takes the longitudinal case study and investigates the period before technology standard development and the impact of technology sponsors＇ network patterns on standard alliance and the emergence of a dominant design. The case study on the standard battle between BD and HD DVD in the compact disc industry shows that technology sponsors with higher degree centrality may attract more potential technology supporters, thereby increases the size and diversity of standard alliance. The case study also shows that the impact of technology sponsors＇ network tie relationship on the size of standard alliance depends both on the network tie strength and on the different stages of standard alliance. In the early stage of standard alliance evolution, technology sponsors may attract actors with whom they have built up strong ties to join the standard alliance ; In the later stage of stand- ard alliance evolution, even there exist strong ties between technology sponsors and technology supporters, the relationship may be exposed to opportunism in ＂winner- takes -all＂ standard battles as the standard battle continues over time. The conclusions have both theoretical and practical implications to understand the emergence of dominant designs and the technology sponsors who participate standard battles.

关 键 词：网络模式 标准联盟规模 标准联盟多元性 网络中心性 网络关系强度 

分 类 号：G307[文化科学] F062.4[经济管理—政治经济学]