氮磷钾不同施肥水平对橡胶草生长发育的影响  

Effects of Different Fertilizer Treatments on Taraxacum kok-saghyz Growth and Development

作　　者：高玉尧[1] 许文天[2] 刘实忠[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院湛江实验站,广东湛江524013 [2]中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所,广东湛江524091 [3]中国热带农业科学院广州实验站,广东广州510140

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2017年第2期199-205,共7页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：合作项目"蒲公英橡胶草种质改良及综合应用技术的研究"横向课题(No.H2012177)

摘　　要：研究了N、P、K不同施肥水平对不同时期橡胶草主要农艺性状的影响,并对不同施肥水平下不同时期主要农艺性状进行相关性分析。结果表明,不同施肥处理对不同时期橡胶草的叶长、叶宽、叶形指数等指标的影响程度不同,且均显著高于对照(p<0.05)。其中,橡胶草植株在生长期时主要受N的影响,且生长速度较快;到现蕾期不仅受N的影响,开始逐渐受P的影响;在开花期和结实期时受P的影响最为显著,且生长速度相对缓慢,其中花葶长度和花葶数量受P影响最为显著,花序大小除了受P影响外,受K的影响也较为显著。叶长与叶宽、叶形指数、株幅、花葶长度、花葶数量、花序长度及花序宽度呈显著正相关;叶宽与叶形指数呈显著负相关,而与株幅、花葶长度、花葶数量呈显著正相关;株幅与花葶长度、花葶数量及花序宽度均呈显著的正相关;花葶长度与花葶数量和花序宽度均呈显著的正相关。This study was conducted to determine the effects of different fertilizer applications（ nitrogen and phosphate and kalium） on the agronomic traits of Taraxacum kok-saghyz（TKS） at different growth stage, and their correlation analysis was carried out. The results showed the growth indices of the main agronomic characters including leaf length, leaf width, leaf index and so on were affected at different degrees, and the indices were significantly higher than the control（P〈0.05）. TKS plants were mainly influenced by N at growth period with rapid growth, and gradually influenced by P at squaring period, and remarkably influenced by P at flowering and seedsetting stage with slow growth. Scape length and scape number was significantly affected by P, and inflorescence size was affected by K and P at flowering and seed-setting stages. In addition, the leaf length had a significant positive correlation with leaf width, leaf index, plant width, scape length, scape number, inflorescence length and inflorescence width. Leaf width had a remarkable positive correlation with leaf index but a striking positive correlation with plant width, scape length, and scape number. Plant width had a remarkable positive correlation with scape length,scape number and inflorescence width. Scape length had a remarkable positive correlation with scape number and inflorescence width.

关 键 词：橡胶草 施肥 农艺性状 相关性分析 生长发育 

分 类 号：S7[农业科学—林学]