人工气候室雾霾模拟方法及装置  

Haze-fog Simulation Method and Device in the Artificial Climate Chamber

作　　者：周羽生[1] 罗屿[1] 赵纯[2] 胡建平[2] 刘亮[1] 荆群伟 

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学电气与信息工程学院,长沙410015 [2]国网湖南省电力公司防灾减灾中心,长沙410125

出　　处：《高电压技术》2017年第3期909-914,共6页High Voltage Engineering

摘　　要：为了研究雾霾沉积对输变电设备外绝缘的影响,在人工气候室设计了一套基于气流粉碎系统的雾霾发生装置。人工气候室直径25 m,高27.5 m,体积达15 000 m^3,为模拟雾霾提供开阔的大气环境。模拟装置由两个部分组成,一部分为人工气候室自带热雾系统,它能产生温度湿度可控的雾,并能形成逆温层,为模拟雾霾提供静稳条件;一部分为气流粉碎系统,其能产生成分可控、粒径<10μm的霾粒子并喷入气候室中。将产生的雾与霾混合可模拟出雾霾,模拟雾霾能均匀扩散在人工气候室中并持续存在,且雾霾的浓度、气溶胶粒径分布、温度、相对湿度均与实际雾霾相符。试验中,通过热雾系统及粉碎物的控制可以产生相对湿度范围在80%~90%、雾霾体积质量范围在200~600μg/m^3,气溶胶粒径分布集中于0.25~2μm的多种雾霾环境。试验结果表明,该装置能产生持续稳定存在的雾霾,为研究雾霾的理化特性及绝缘子在雾霾天气下的绝缘提供了研究条件,同时为在气候室形成霾与雾提供详细有效方法。Currently, increasingly serious haze pollution impairs power transmission and transformation equipment external insulation. In order to study the effect, we design a set of haze and fog simulation device based on airflow crushing system in the artificial climate chamber. The artificial climate chamber is 27.5 m high, has a diameter of 25 m, volume of 15 000 m^3, which can provide an open atmospheric environment for simulating haze and fog. The simulation device is composed of two parts. One is a hot fog system in the artificial climate chamber that can produces fog, the temperature and humidity of which can be controlled;The fog can produce an inversion layer for the simulation of haze, under that circumstances the haze can keep stable. Another is airflow crushing system that can produce haze particles and spray the haze into the climate chamber, the particle size of the haze particles is less than 10μm and its composition is controllable. Mixing the haze and fog produced by the device can simulate the haze and fog weather ,and the weather can evenly spread and persist in the artificial climate chamber. The concentration of the haze, the aerosol size distribution, temperature, and relative humidity of the haze and fog all can match the actual haze. The fog-haze condition with the particulate matter concentration of 200-600 μg/m^3, the mainly particle size of 0.25-2μm, the relative humidity of 80%-90% has successfully been simulated. The test results show that the device can generate steady fog and haze, and provide conditions for studying physical and chemical properties of fog and haze and the external insulation of insulator in fog and haze weather. The research and design of the device create an effective method for the formation of haze and fog systematically.

关 键 词：雾霾天气 雾霾模拟 人工气候室 输电设备外绝缘 气溶胶粒径分布 环境污染 

分 类 号：TM855[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]