大通牦牛心肌低氧适应的组织学特点  

Histological adaptation of Datong yak cardiac muscle to hypoxia

作　　者：张勤文[1] 俞红贤[1] 李莉[1] 荆海霞[1] 魏青[1] 王志强[1] 张晶晶[1] 

机构地区：[1]青海大学农牧学院,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《中国兽医学报》2017年第3期497-500,513,共5页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31460643);青海省科技厅资助项目(2013-Z-713)

摘　　要：选取两个海拔高度大通牦牛作为研究对象,以乐都地区牦牛为对照,利用光镜技术和计算机图像分析系统测定心肌肌纤维直径、表面积密度;利用透射电镜技术比较心肌线粒体的平均体积(V)、体积密度(VV)和面数密度(NA)等结构参数;利用免疫组织化学技术对心肌细胞血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)和微血管密度(MVD)进行检测,并对以上数据进行相关性分析。结果显示:(1)大通牦牛心肌肌纤维直径均细于乐都地区牦牛心肌肌纤维直径,肌纤维表面积密度均高于乐都地区牦牛,且三者两两比较差异显著(P<0.05);(2)大通牦牛的VEGF和MVD均高于乐都地区牦牛,差异显著(P<0.05);(3)大通牦牛心肌线粒体的V和VV均大于乐都地区牦牛,差异显著(P<0.05);海拔3 700m的大通牦牛心肌线粒体面数密度大于海拔3 200m的乐都地区牦牛,差异显著(P<0.05)。结果表明,大通牦牛心肌组织主要表现为心肌纤维直径细、表面积密度大、心肌组织血管内皮生长因子和微血管密度大的遗传学特点。而心肌线粒体的低氧适应表现为,随着海拔高度的增加,心肌线粒体平均体积增大,面数密度和体密度增加的特点。The objective of this research was to explore the histological characteristics of the cardiac muscle tissue of Datong yaks and its adaption to the high-altitude hypoxia environment. The ex- periment was conducted in the Datong yaks at two high-altitude areas and the yaks from Ledu, Qinghai province as the control group. Light microscope technique and computer image analysis system were used to determine the diameter and surface density of cardiac muscle tissue of the yaks. Meanwhile,a transmission electronic microscopy （TEM） technique was applied to compare the microstructure parameters of myocardial rnitochondria, such as average volume （V）, volume density （VV） and numerical density on area （NA）. In addition,immunohistochernical technique was employed to test the vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） and microvessel density （MVD） of the cardial cells. The results showed：the diameters of cardiac muscle tissue of the Da- tong yaks were found to be thinner than that of Ledu yaks,while the surface densities of Datong yaks were higher than that of Ledu yaks,with a significant difference （P〈0.05）;VEGF and MVD of Datong yaks were higher than those of Ledu yaks with a significant difference （P〈0. 05） ;the volume,and volume density of myocardial mitochondria in Datong yaks were greater than those of Ledu yaks,with a significant difference （P〈0.05）;the numerical density on area of myocardial rnitochondria in Datong yaks from an altitude of 3 700 m was larger than that of Leduyaks, with a significant difference （P〈0.05）. The results obtained suggested that the cardiac mus- cle of Datong yaks presents the genetic characteristics including thinner diameter,and greater sur- face density,VEGF and MVD; the average volume,numerical density on area and volume density increased with the increasing altitude, in order to the adaption of the myocardial mitochondria in Datong yaks to the hypoxia environment.

关 键 词：大通牦牛 心肌 低氧适应 组织学特点 

分 类 号：S852.2[农业科学—基础兽医学]