个体的政府信息需求调查及成因分析——基于意义建构理论  

Investigation and Cause Analysis on Government Information Needs of Individuals Based on the Sense-making Theory

作　　者：张鑫[1] 王芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学商学院信息资源管理系,天津300071

出　　处：《图书情报工作》2017年第3期53-60,共8页Library and Information Service

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目"我国网络社会治理研究"(项目编号:14ZDA063);国家自然科学基金项目"流动农民工信息获取与跨区域公共信息服务保障体系研究"(项目编号:71173121)研究成果之一

摘　　要：[目的 /意义]各国政府都非常重视信息公开工作。深入调查公众个体的政府信息需求有助于政府进一步明确信息公开工作的内容和方式,提高政府信息公开工作的实施效率。[方法 /过程]通过对38位有代表性普通公众的深度访谈,调查其主要的政府信息需求,并以意义建构理论的视角分析个体的政府信息需求成因。[结果 /结论]研究发现被访者的政府信息需求主要与教育、生活、工作和兴趣相关。其中,源于外部情境的信息需求成因包括:直接解决问题,间接支持决策,了解一般事实和进行知识积淀;而源于个体状态的信息需求成因包括:个体建构的与政府信息的社会距离、对信息需求认知的清晰程度以及对自我的归类。构建了一个基于意义建构隐喻模型的个体的政府信息需求分析框架,以期为后续的相关研究提供借鉴和参考。[ Purpose/significance ] Government attaches great importance to the work of information disclosure. Through investigating information needs of individuals, we can further clarify the content and method of government infor- mation disclosure work, and make these activities more efficient and effective. [ Method/process] Based on in-depth in- terviews with 38 general public, their main needs of government information are investigated and the causes of government information needs of individuals are analyzed based on the Sense-Making Theory.[ Result/conclusion ] The results indi- cate that main needs of government information are related to education, life, work and interest. The paper finds out that theeauses of information needs due to external context include solving problem directly, supporting decision-making indi- rectly, acquiring the general facts and accumulating knowledge. Then the causes of information needs due to individual sit- uation include the social distance between individual and government information, the clarity of information needs and in- dividual self-categorization. An analysis framework of government information of individuals needs based on the Sense- Making Methodology＇ s central metaphor is developed in this paper, and it can provide some reference for the following re- lated research.

关 键 词：政府信息 信息需求 意义建构 

分 类 号：D035[政治法律—政治学] C912.6[经济管理]