胶州湾纳潮量和水交换数值模拟  

Numerical Study to Hydrodynamic Conditions of the Jiaozhou Bay

作　　者：王雪[1] 陈学恩[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋与大气学院,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第3期1-9,共9页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：海洋公益性行业科研专项课题项目(201505007;201305026-3;201205032);泰山学者工程专项经费资助项目资助~~

摘　　要：基于无结构网格三维有限体积海洋模式FVCOM,采用高精度的水深和岸线资料,建立了适用于胶州湾的三维正压高分辨率数值模型。通过观测与模拟资料的对比,验证了所建立模型的合理性。基于建立的模型,对胶州湾的潮汐潮流进行了精确的数值模拟,探讨了胶州湾潮致余流和纳潮量特征,并首次探讨了胶州湾内各子区域之间的水交换情况。结果表明,分别采用计算一个涨潮或落潮周期内通过特定断面的海水通量和研究区域的水深及水位值直接计算两种计算方法计算胶州湾的平均纳潮量,分别为8.90和8.71亿m^3,结果发现水位对纳潮量的影响最大可达1%以上,不可忽略;大潮时期的纳潮量为小潮时期的2~3倍;纳潮量春季最低,冬季其次,夏秋季较高。以质点追踪法,定量研究了胶州湾内各个子区域之间以及各子区域与外海的水交换情况。结果发现,胶州湾内不同子区域的水交换能力以及达到稳定时间均不同,且投放质点的时刻不同对其具有较明显影响。在涨潮时段,胶州湾西北部海域达到稳定时间较短且交换率高,东北部海域达到稳定时间较落潮时段基本不变但交换率高;落潮时段则相反。An Unstructured Grid,Finite-Volume Coastal Ocean Model（FVCOM）with high-precision coastline and topography data was employed in this research.The performance of the model was verified by comparing the simulated tidal level with observation data.The tidal residual currents were discussed in this research.Two sections were selected for calculation of tidal prism based on the characteristics of the coastline and the tidal current variation.The model results showed that the maximum effect of zeta on tidal prism is larger than 1% which should not be ignored.Tidal prism during spring tide is 2-3times higher than that during neap tide;Tidal prism reaches the lowest in spring,followed by winter,and becomes higher in summer and autumn.Tracer test was used to investigate the water exchange capacity in Jiaozhou Bay.The model results showed that water exchange rate of Jiaozhou Bay and stabilization time are different in different zones.The time of putting the tracer particle makes big difference to the rate of water exchange.

关 键 词：胶州湾 潮致余流 纳潮量 水交换 

分 类 号：P731.23[天文地球—海洋科学]