极/超低出生体重儿强化母乳喂养管理的临床研究  

Clinical Study on the Management in Strengthening Breast Feeding of Extremely/Very Low Birth Weight Infants

作　　者：林伟斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市妇幼保健院新生儿科,广东深圳518082

出　　处：《临床医学工程》2017年第3期337-339,共3页Clinical Medicine & Engineering

基　　金：深圳市科技局科研基金项目"提高极超低出生体重儿住院期间母乳喂养率的实践研究"(项目编号:JCYJ20140414153916120)

摘　　要：目的探讨一种行之有效的母乳管理方法以提高极/超低出生体重儿在住院期间的母乳喂养率。方法选取我院新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)2015年1月至2016年1月收治的200例极/超低出生体重儿,随机分为观察组与对照组各100例。观察组的主管护师及母亲均接受专业知识培训,优化母乳收集、保存、运送、解冻和加温过程,对照组的护师未经过专业培训教育。比较两组的母乳喂养率、喂养不耐受率、胃肠外营养时间、平均住院时间以及坏死性小肠结肠炎、晚发性败血症的发生率。结果观察组的母乳喂养率显著高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组的喂养不耐受率以及坏死性小肠结肠炎、晚发性败血症发生率均明显低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组的平均住院时间和胃肠外营养时间均明显短于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论强化母乳喂养的健康教育及优化母乳管理方法可提高入住NICU的极/超低出生体重儿的母乳喂养率,降低新生儿并发症发生率并缩短住院时间,是一种值得临床借鉴参考的管理方案。Objective To explore an effective breast milk management method to improve the breast feeding rate of extremely/very low birth weight infants during hospitalization. Methods 200 cases of extremely/very low birth weight infants admitted to neonatal intensive care unit （NICU） of our hospital from January 2015 to January 2016 were selected and randomly divided into observation group and control group, with 100 cases in each group. In observation group, the charge nurses and mothers received professional training, and the collection, preservation, transportation, thawing and heating processes of breast milk were optimized. The nurses of control group did not receive professional training. The breast feeding rate, feeding intolerance rate, parenteral nutrition time, average hospitalization time and incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis and late sepsis were compared between two groups. Results The breast feeding rate of observation group was significantly higher than that of control group, with statistical difference （P 〈0.05）. The feeding intolerance rate and incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis and late sepsis of observation group were significantly lower than those of control group, with statistical differences （P 〈0.05）. The average hospitalization time and parenteral nutrition time of observation group were significantly shorter than those of control group, with statistical differences （P 〈0.05）. Conclusions Strengthening health education of breast feeding and optimizing management of breast milk can improve the breast feeding rate of extremely/very low birth weight infants in NICU, reduce the incidence of neonatal complications and shorten the hospitalization time. This management program is worthy of clinical reference.

关 键 词：极/超低出生体重儿 母乳喂养 管理 临床研究 

分 类 号：R722.6[医药卫生—儿科]