现代汉语新兴流行构式“小+谓词性X”形成动因研究  

On xiao(小) and the xiao+VP construction

作　　者：王倩[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学文学院

出　　处：《中国语文》2017年第2期148-160,共13页Studies of the Chinese Language

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目(编号:15CYY036)的阶段性成果

摘　　要："小+谓词性X"构式可分为三种次类构式:"小+V_单""小+V_双""小+A"。从历时发展的角度看,三者的语用功能及语法功能逐渐发生演变,三种次类构式之间是核心典型向外围非典型逐渐辐射扩展的关系。语言中新兴流行结构的产生固然有经济原则等语用要求的作用,但这仅是外因,其产生与发展必然有与之对应的更为具体的语言内因的作用。"小+A"的产生即源于使用者受类推能力的作用对语言中旧有结构(模因)形式及功能的复制模仿,是认知动因与语言内因共同作用的结果。拷贝副本"小A"与模型之间并不是完全复制关系,会在类推模型的基础上进行一定的调整。Xiao( 小) +VP construction can be divided into: Xiao+Vmonosyllabic, xiao+Vdisyllabic, and xiao+A. The pragmatic and grammatical functions of these three sub-category constructions evolves gradually. These three sub-category constructions form a continuum from the core of prototypical construction gradually expanded to the periphery of non-prototypical construction. The emerging popular structures exist depending on pragmatic requirement such as the economic principle,and its generation and development must be related to the specific internal cause of language.Xiao+A originates from the copy and imitation of the old structure(meme) by analogy. It is an interacting result between cognitive motivation and language internal factors.

关 键 词：小+谓词性X 类推 模因 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]