2015年全国非高碘县碘盐监测结果分析  

Analysis of national surveillance results on iodized salt in non-high iodine areas in 2015

作　　者：范丽珺[1] 刘守军[1] 申红梅[1] 孟凡刚[1] 刘丽香[1] 李明[1] 苏晓辉[1] Fan Lijun Liu Shoujun Shen Hongmei Meng Fangang Liu Lixiang Li Ming Su Xiaohui(Institute of lodine Deficiency Disorders, Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center far Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China （Fan L J, Liu S J, Shen HM, Meng FG, Liu LX, Li M, Su XH)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学中国疾病预防控制中心地方病控制中心碘缺乏病防治研究所,哈尔滨150081

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2017年第3期201-204,共4页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

基　　金：中央补助地方公共卫生专项资金地方病防治项目（2015）

摘　　要：目的了解全国碘缺乏病防治现状，掌握非高碘县新的盐碘标准实施后居民户碘盐使用情况。方法按照《碘缺乏病监测方案》的要求，2015年在全国31个省、自治区、直辖市（以下简称省份）和新疆生产建设兵团（以下简称兵团），以县为单位开展了碘盐监测工作。在全国非高碘县（市、区、旗，以下简称县）按东、西、南、北、中划分5个抽样片区，在每个片区各抽取1个乡（镇、街道办事处，以下简称乡）。辖有5个或不足5个乡的县，抽取所有乡。在每个乡各抽取4个行政村（居委会，以下简称村）；在每个村各抽检15户居民食用盐。盐中的碘含量采用直接滴定法测定，川盐及其他强化盐采用仲裁法测定。结果本次监测共2840个非高碘县上报了数据。全国共检测居民户食用盐849193份，其中定量检测845906份，半定量检测西藏11个县的盐样3287份。经人口加权，全国碘盐覆盖率为98．37％，除天津、上海和山东外，其他省份和兵团碘盐覆盖率均〉95％。在县级水平上，全国2669个县碘盐覆盖率≥95％，171个县碘盐覆盖率〈95％，其中31个县碘盐覆盖率〈80％。全国（除西藏半定量检测的11个县外）合格碘盐食用率为94．57％，除上海、天津、西藏和青海（66．84％、79．14％、82．09％和89.22％），其他省份合格碘盐食用率均在90％以上。在县级水平上，全国（除西藏11个县外）2633个县合格碘盐食用率达到90％以上，196个县合格碘盐食用率〈90％。全国居民户盐碘均值为（25．37±4．57）mg／kg。各省份盐碘含量范围为23．51—28．95mg／kg．变异系数范围为12．17％～27．37％，其中有24个省份和兵团变异系数〉15％。结论全国非高碘县碘盐覆盖率和合格碘盐食用率总体情况较好．但部分省份非碘盐问题仍然突出。Objective To study the current prevention and control status of iodine deficiency disorders （IDD） and learn the current situation of iodized salt consumption at household level in non-high iodine areas in 2015, this surveillance was conducted. Methods In 2015, according to ＂National Surveillance Program on Iodine Deficiency Disorders＂, the surveillance was conducted at county level in 31 provinces, municipalities, autonomous regions （provinces） and Xinjiang Production and Construction corps （Xinjiang Corps）. In each county city, district, banner （county）, 5 townships were randomly selected according to their sub-area positions of east, west, south, north and center; 4 villages were randomly sampled in each chosen township; 15 households were randomly selected in each chosen village. Edible salt sample was collected from each household. The iodine level in salt was determined by direct titration; the salt samples from Sichuan and other enhanced salt samples were detected by arbitration. Results There were totally 2 840 counties that repoi＇ted the surveillance data. In total, 849 193 salt samples were examined, including 845 906 salts determined by direct titration and 3 287 samples determined only by semi-quantitative detection. Weighted by population, the national coverage rate of iodized salt was 98.37%. At provincial level, the coverage rate of iodized salt was higher than 95% except Tianjin, Shanghai and Shandong. At county level, 2 669 counties had a coverage rate of iodized salt higher than or equal to 95%, 171 counties were lower than 95%, and 31 counties were less than 80%. The national consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 94.57% （except 11 counties in Tibet）. At provincial level, the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was higher than 90% except Shanghai （66.84%）, Tianjin （79.14%）, Tibet （82.09%） and Qinghai （89.22%）. At county level, totally 2 633 counties had a rate of qualified iodized salt higher than 90%, and 196 counties were lower than 90%.

关 键 词：碘 盐类 碘盐覆盖率 合格碘盐食用率 

分 类 号：R599[医药卫生—内科学]