宋代以来江南水灾防御中的科学与景观认知  

Science and Landscape Knowledge in Flood Prevention in Ancient Jiangnan Area since Song Dynasty

作　　者：王建革[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学历史地理研究中心

出　　处：《云南社会科学》2017年第2期98-104,共7页Social Sciences in Yunnan

摘　　要：古代江南的防涝水文知识体系非常复杂,既涉及宏观层面的地理景观,也涉及到微观层面的圩田景观。官方有西方科学式的水位测量,民间有地方语言色彩甚浓的小区域圩田知识,为宋代水环境治理提供了比较准确的背景知识。宋代水环境丰富,水流一体化,郏亶等人对整体的地理与地貌、水流淤积的动态有一系列精准的描述,他们的治水知识具有全局性与整体性。明清时期,河道淤塞,整体的水灾景观与河流的知识体系并没有进一步的发展。耿橘和孙峻等人则加强了小区域抗涝知识的运用。the landscape knowledge of Jiangnan Water Conservancy and hydrology is very complex.Flood hydrology knowledge system of Jiangnan in historical period is even complicated,related both to ancient geographical landscape in the macro level,and Weifield landscape in the micro level.Western civilization used meter to test water level,while indigenous knowledge presented and expressed by unique local language.Jiangnan is rich in terms of water environment,and the rivers were in an integrated system in the Song Dynasty.Jia Dan and other ancient geographers,gave a series of precise description on geographic and the sedimentation of dynamic flow on an overall scale.Their flood control knowledge,more comprehensive and holistic.During the Ming and Qing Dynasties,rivers were in siltation,the knowledge system of flood and river landscape in whole had no further development.Gengu and Sun Jun,Strengthened application of the local knowledge of the small areas in flood control.

关 键 词：江南 水文景观 地方知识 灌溉农业 集权体制 

分 类 号：K928.6[历史地理—人文地理学]