新型高性能粉末冶金高速钢及其近净成形制备技术  

Novel Powder Metallurgy High Speed Steel with High-performance and Its Near-net Shaping Technology

作　　者：张惠斌[1] 沈玮俊 庄启明[1] 张乾坤[2] 陈豫章 贺跃辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学粉末冶金研究院,长沙410083 [2]湘潭大学机械工程学院,湖南湘潭411105 [3]长沙市萨普新材料有限公司技术部,长沙410205

出　　处：《精密成形工程》2017年第2期14-19,共6页Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51634006)

摘　　要：目的研究无熔炼制备高性能近净成形粉末冶金高速钢的新工艺(SAP工艺)。方法以铁粉、钴粉和碳化物粉末为原料,通过机械球磨和真空活化烧结制备SAP 6031粉末冶金高速钢,并采用扫描电镜、X射线衍射、碳含量、相对致密度等检测方法,探讨球磨和活化烧结对试样致密化过程的影响。结果球磨后的原料粉末具有较高的烧结活性,结合后续活化烧结过程中的碳氧反应,使烧结坯在远低于液相线温度下实现烧结致密化(>99.5%),材料力学性能优异,且杂质含量远低于标准值。结论 SAP工艺具有合金成分易调节、工艺流程短、生产能耗低、近净成形等优点,在特种粉末高速钢开发、异形件和非标件的灵活生产上具有显著优势。A novel Smelting-avoided Process （SAP） for the production of powder metallurgy high speed steels （PM HSSs） with high performance has been developed through mechanical alloying and reactive synthesis. Accordingly, SAP 6031 PM HSS was prepared with Fe, Co and carbides powders. The effects of milling and reactive sintering on the densification process were investigated by SEM, XRD, analyzing carbon content and measuring the relative density. The results showed that PM HSSs with excellent mechanical properties and low contents of impurities were densified at a temperature lower than liquidus temperature due to the highly activated milled powder mixtures and the fresh interfaces produced by the deoxidizing reaction during sintering. The SAP process is characterized of easy adjustment of alloying components, simple process, low energy input, and near-net shaping, indicating the outstanding advantage in the productions of special steels as well as the irregular and non-standard parts.

关 键 词：高速钢 粉末冶金 近净成形 活化烧结 热处理 

分 类 号：TF124.3[冶金工程—粉末冶金]