南亚热带森林优势树种氮、磷可利用性与菌根侵染率的关系  

Relationship between Nitrogen and Phosphorus Availability and Mycorrhizal Infection Rates of Dominate Tree Species in Southern Subtropical Forests

作　　者：钟思远[1,2] 张静[1,2] 童琳[1] 高一飞[1] 夏艳菊 唐旭利[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院华南植物园,广东广州510650 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2016年第12期1929-1936,共8页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31270499)

摘　　要：氮(N)和磷(P)是植物生长所必需的大量元素,其供应是否充足对植物生长发育具有重要影响。菌根真菌侵染有助于植物对N、P等营养元素的吸收利用,而以往研究大多集中于草地、农田生态系统中,并多以控制实验或者室内盆栽实验为主。选择南亚热带森林演替前期与演替中期的共有优势树种马尾松(Pinus massoniana)以及演替中期与演替顶级阶段的共有优势树种木荷(Schima superba)与锥栗(Castanopsis chinensis)为研究对象,测定其菌根侵染率、根际土酸性磷酸酶活性(acid phosphatase activity,APA)、根际土以及叶片元素含量,探讨不同演替阶段森林共有优势树种N、P可利用性与菌根真菌侵染率之间的关系。结果表明:(1)马尾松菌根侵染率由演替前期的48.18%显著增加到演替中期的65.7%;木荷以及锥栗菌根侵染率分别由演替中期的57.7%、50.79%增加到演替顶级的64.03%、53.18%;(2)共有优势树种菌根侵染率与叶片磷含量呈显著负相关关系,马尾松菌根侵染率与根际土铵态氮含量呈显著正相关关系;(3)共有优势树种根际土APA、叶片N:P均随着演替的进行而升高,木荷和锥栗根际土APA分别由演替中期的8.8、9.38μmol·g^(-1)·h^(-1)显著增加到演替顶级的16.96、15.55μmol·g^(-1).h^(-1);共有优势树种根际土APA与有效磷含量存在显著负相关关系,而与根际土C:P、N:P以及叶片N:P间存在极显著正相关关系。可见,随着南亚热带森林演替的进行,磷限制的增强将使得不同演替阶段森林共有优势树种菌根侵染率升高,菌根真菌的侵染能够缓解不同演替阶段森林共有优势树种所受的磷限制。Sufficient nitrogen（N） and phosphorus（P） supply is important for plant growth because they are the essential macronutrients.Mycoirhizal fungi are one of the essential way for plant to absorb nutrients,such as N and P etc.,but most previous studies were carried out in the grasslands,farmlands,and most of them were simulated experiments or potted experiments.The aims of this study were to research the relationship between mycoirhizal infection rates and nitrogen,phosphorus availability in common dominate tree species at different succession stages,including a primary stage（Pine forest,PF）,middle stage（Mixed pine and monsoon evergreen broadleaved forest,MF）,and climax stage（Monsoon evergreen broadleaved forest,BF） in southern subtropical forests.Three common dominate tree species including Pinus massoniana（PF and MF）,Schima superba（MF and BF） and Castanopsis chinensis（MF and BF） were selected.We detected mycorrhizal infection rates,soil acid phosphatase activity（APA） of rhizosphere soil,and the chemical-physical properties of rhizosphere soil and leaves.The results showed that：（1） Mycorrhizal infection rates of Pinus massoniana significant increased from 48.18%（PF） to 65.7%（MF）,similarly,the mycorrhizal infection rates of Schima superba and Castanopsis chinensis also increased from 57.7%and 50.79%）（MF） to 64.03%and 53.18%）（BF）,respectively.（2） Correlation analysis presented that mycorrhizal infection rate of these three common dominate tree species had a significant negative correlation with the concentration of foliar phosphorus,and mycorrhizal infection rate of Pinus massoniana also had a significant positive correlation with the concentration of ammonium nitrogen in rhizosphere soil.（3） APA and foliar N：P of these three common dominate tree species increased with the forest succession,the APA of Schima superba and Castanopsis chinensis increased significantly from 8.8 umol·g-（-1）·h-（-1） and 9.38 μmol·g-（-1）·h-（-1）（MF）

关 键 词：氮、磷可利用性 菌根侵染 优势树种 酸性磷酸酶活性 南亚热带森林 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]