生物滴滤池处理农村废水的研究进展  

Research progress of treatment of rural wastewater by bio-trickling filter

作　　者：刘雪妮[1,2] 何连生[2] 姜登岭 袁震[2] 杨兆华[1,2] 孟睿[2] 蒋进元[2] LIU Xueni HE Liansheng JIANG Dengling YUAN Zhen YANG Zhaohua MENG Rui JIANG Jinyuan(College of Architectural Engineering Institute, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063000, China Environmental Engineering Design and Research Centre, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China)

机构地区：[1]华北理工大学建筑工程学院,河北唐山063000 [2]中国环境科学研究院环境工程设计研究中心,北京100012

出　　处：《环境工程技术学报》2017年第2期194-200,共7页Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2012BAJ21B08)

摘　　要：生物滴滤池存在脱氮除磷效果较差、滤料易堵塞、有异味等缺点。针对不同农村地区不同水质的废水,为达到出水标准,提高运行效率,国内外很多学者对生物滴滤池进行了改进研究。滴滤池的结构设计可从降低进水有机负荷、增加含氧量和脱氮除磷分段进行等方面改进;布水方式可从减小进水水滴体积、均匀布水、适当提高布水高度等方面改进;滤料的选择可根据废水的特点选择组合滤料实现优势互补;生物膜的培养可采用人工接种挂膜和自然挂膜相结合的方式来缩短培养时间;适当提高回流比,可提高氮去除率,一般回流比设为60%~80%。生物滴滤池的不断改进使其在农村废水处理中更有优势。Biological trickling filter（ BTF） has the disadvantages of low removal efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus,easy clogging of the filter,and bad smells. In order to achieve the effluent standards and improve the operational efficiency for different wastewater quality in rural areas,improvement researches have been made by domestic and foreign scholars. The structure of BTF can be improved by reducing the filter influent organic concentration,increasing the oxygen content,and removing nitrogen and phosphorus in different stages,etc. Water distribution can be improved by reducing the volume of water droplets,distributing water uniformly,and raising the water distribution height suitably. Different sorts of filter materials can be combined to have complementary advantages according to the characteristics of the wastewater. Through combining artificial inoculation film-forming with natural biofilm,biofilm can be adopted in the shorter time. Increase of the reflux ratio can improve the removal efficiency,with optimum reflux ratio is 60%-80%. The continuous improvement of the BFT makes it more advantageous in the treatment of wastewater in the rural areas.

关 键 词：生物滴滤池 结构设计 滤料 挂膜 回流比 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]