不同水分环境条件下小麦IL群体抗旱相关性状变异分析  

Variance Analysis of Drought-Resistance Related Traits in Introgression Lines of Wheat in Different Water Environments

作　　者：李晓宇 张灿军 吴少辉 高海涛 张学品 冯伟森 杨洪强 郭军伟 景蕊莲[2] 孙黛珍[3] Li Xiaoyu Zhang Canjun Wu Shaohui Gao Haitao Zhang Xuepin Feng Weisen Yang Hongqiang Guo Junwei Jing Ruilian Sun Daizhen(Luoyang Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Luoyang, 471022 Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801)

机构地区：[1]洛阳农林科学院,洛阳471022 [2]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,北京100081 [3]山西农业大学,太谷030801

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2017年第2期692-697,共6页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家小麦产业体系(CARS-E-2-36);河南省小麦产业体系(S2010-10-02);农业技术试验示范专项(2130106);主要农作物新品种选育与示范-小麦新品种选育与示范(151100110400)共同资助

摘　　要：提高小麦产量是保障我国粮食安全的主要途径,干旱是影响小麦产量最主要因素。分析小麦抗旱相关性状的遗传机制及选育携有高产抗旱性状的小麦近等基因系可为选育高产品种提供基础。本研究以小麦回交导入系(introgression line,IL)(鲁麦14×陕旱8675)×鲁麦14(BC3F5)群体及其亲本为材料,对两种水分条件下小麦抗旱相关性状株高(PH)、穗长(SL)、单株有效分蘖(SNP)、抽穗期(DH)、穗下节长(FIL)、旗叶叶枕-穗基部长(LPSB)、相对穗下节长(RFIL)、相对旗叶叶枕-穗基部长(RLPSB)、结实小穗数(FNS)、上部不孕小穗数(SST)、下部不孕小穗数(SSB)、穗粒数(GNS)、单株产量(GWP)和千粒重(TGW)进行差异分析,揭示小麦抗旱相关性状的遗传基础。研究结果如下:对160个导入系株系14个抗旱相关性状的分析表明,在不同水分条件下,性状变异系数在0.05%~225%之间,多数性状均值偏向受体亲本鲁麦14;从性状变异范围可以看出,回交导入系群体除WW条件下的结实小穗数,DS的有效分蘖、穗粒数和单株产量外,其它性状普遍表现超双亲,但是所有性状表现均超受体亲本鲁麦14,这是从陕旱8675导入的染色体片段作用的结果。在两种水分条件下各性状的表型值除SST外均有明显差异。该群体适合进行抗旱相关性状数量遗传研究。Abstrac t Increasing wheat production is the main w ay to ensure food security in China, drought is the main factor that affects the wheat production. Analyzing genetic mechanisms of drought-resistance related traits in wheat and selecting and breeding high-yielding wheat NILs carrying drought-tolerant traits may provide a basis for breeding hig h-yielding varieties. In this study, a wheat introgression lines generated form repeat backcross（Lumai14×Shanhan8675）× Lumai14（BC3F5） were used as plant materials. The wheat drought-resistance related traits, including plant height, spike length, spike number per plant, heading date, first internode length, length from flag leaf pulvinus to spike base, relative first internode length, relative length from flag leaf pulvinus to spike base,fructify spikelet number per spike, sterile spikelet number at top, sterile spikelet number at spike bottom, grain number per spike, grain weight per plant, thousand-grain weight were analyzed under different water conditions,which was to reveal the genetic basis of drought-resistance related traits in wheat. Below were the results： analysis of 14 wheat drought-resistance related traits from 160 ILs phenotypes strains showed that coefficients of variation for all traits in ILs ranged from 0.05% to 225% under different water environments. The averages of most traits in ILs presented the tendency to be more adjacent to the receptor parent Lumai14. As can be seen from the traits variation range, most traits of ILs exhibited transgressive segregation except FNS under well-watered condition and SNP,GNS and GWP under rainfed condition. But all traits performance exceeded receptor parent Lumai14, which maybe due to the role of chromosome fragments imported from the Shanhan8675. The phenotypic values of all traits except SST were obviously different between the rained and the well-watered conditions. The population was suitable for the quantitative genetic study of drought- resistance related traits.

关 键 词：小麦 回交导入系 抗旱 农艺性状 差异分析 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]