氮磷钾肥平衡施用对素花党参产量的影响  

Effects of Balanced Fertilization on Yield of Codonpsis pilosula

作　　者：张邦喜 周瑞荣 肖厚军 王文华 范成五 秦松 

机构地区：[1]贵州省土壤肥料研究所,贵州贵阳550006 [2]农业部(贵州)耕地保育与农业环境科学观测实验站,贵州贵阳550006

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2017年第2期138-141,共4页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省中药现代化科技产业研究开发专项"党参规范化种植关键技术研究与示范"[黔科合SY字(2014)3028-2];贵州省农业科学院院专项"不同施肥下黄壤旱地N2O减排技术研究与示范"[2014(014)];贵州省科技计划黔科平台"贵州山区耕地保育与农业环境科学观测实验站建设"[2013(4002)]

摘　　要：为探明党参高产栽培的最佳施肥量和施肥配比,建立氮、磷和钾肥肥料效应模型,以素花党参为试验材料,采用"3414"肥料效应试验设计方案,研究氮、磷和钾肥平衡施用对素花党参产量的影响。结果表明:施肥处理党参产量显著高于不施肥处理,增产率达29.7%;缺氮和缺钾处理其产量显著低于缺磷处理,对党参产量的影响依次为氮>钾>磷;氮、磷及钾肥之间存在一定的交互作用,互相影响肥效的发挥,任一因素过量施用均会导致产量显著降低。根据一元二次肥效模型得出党参氮(N)、磷(P2O5)和钾(K2O)的最佳施用量分别为197kg/hm^2、140kg/hm^2和298kg/hm^2,适宜的氮∶磷∶钾为10∶7∶15。To explore the optimum fertilization amount and fertilizer proportion for high-yield cultivation of C. pilosula, and establish the fertilization efficiency model, hy using ＂3414＂ experiment plan, different nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilization effects on C. pilosula yield was studied. Results： C. pilosula yield of the fertilization treatments were significantly higher than those of the treatments without fertilization, the yield increasing rate was 29. 7%. The yield of the nitrogen and potassium defieieney treatment are significantly lower than the phosphorus deficiency treatments, and the effects on the yield followed the sequenee of N〉K2O〉P2O5. The results also showed benefieial interactions among nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Any excessive application of three factors could result in reducing the yield significantly. According to the analysis of model, the optimum amounts on fertilization of N, P2O5 and K2O were 197 kg/hm^2 , 140 kg/hm^2and 298 kg/hm^2. The suitable ratio of N ： P2O5： K2O was 10 ： 7 ： 15.

关 键 词：素花党参 平衡施肥 产量 贵州 

分 类 号：S567.53[农业科学—中草药栽培]