游泳肩的研究进展  

Research Progress of Swimming Shoulder

作　　者：刘新宇[1] 张鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海体育科学研究所,上海200030

出　　处：《体育科研》2017年第1期85-88,94,共5页Sport Science Research

基　　金：上海市体育局课题(14JT011)

摘　　要：游泳肩是游泳项目中发生率最高的损伤。主要表现为肩关节活动度降低、肩关节前侧或前外侧压痛、肩关节不稳等。游泳技术动作异常、训练量大、训练工具的不当使用、肩关节松弛、头前伸姿势等都是引发游泳肩的重要因素。目前研究发现游泳肩会表现出生物力学的改变,包括肩关节内外旋肌肉力量比值异常和肩关节肌肉活动模式异常等。开展功能性训练目前被普遍认为是游泳肩康复的关键部分。本文从游泳肩的定义、病因、症状和诊断以及康复等方面对游泳肩的研究现状进行综述,为游泳肩的预防和治疗提供理论基础。Swimming shoulder is the most common injury of swimmers. The main symptoms are the reduced activity of shoulder joints, tendemess of the anterior part or anterolateral part of shoulder joints, instability of shoulder joints, etc. The major causes of swimming shoulder are due to abnormal technical movements, heavy training load, incorrect use of training means, laxity of shoulder joint and head sticking pose. The research reveals that swimming shoulder may cause biomechanical changes, which includes the abnormal strength ratio of the inside and outside spiral muscles and the abnormal pattern of the muscle activity of shoulder joints. Functional training is commonly regarded as the key for the rehabilitation of swimming shoulder. The paper elaborates on the research status of the definition, cause, symptom and diagnosis of swimming shoulder as well as the rehabilitation of the injury so as to provide theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of swimming shoulder.

关 键 词：游泳肩 盂肱关节 损伤 

分 类 号：G804.5[文化科学—运动人体科学]