膜下滴灌种植密度对花生主要农艺性状和产量的影响  

Effects of Different Planting Density on Main Agronomic Traits and Yield of Peanut under Mulched Drip Irrigation

作　　者：王亮[1,2] 李艳[1] 王桥江 杨志兰[4] 刘志刚[1] 张力[1] 韩萍 魏建军[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农垦科学院作物研究所,新疆石河子832000 [2]作物种质创新与基因资源利用兵团重点实验室,新疆石河子832000 [3]新疆天鹰生物科技有限公司,新疆沙湾832100 [4]石河子大学农学院,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2017年第1期21-25,共5页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆兵团第八师石河子市农业科技攻关计划项目(2013NY11);新疆兵团科技援疆专项(2014AB018)

摘　　要：为精确制定膜下滴灌花生(Arachis hypogaea Linn.)的田间栽培技术规程和揭示滴灌花生的增产机理,以田间试验为基础,选用机收花生13号作为试验材料,共设置5 000、6 000、7 000、8 000、9 000、10 000、11 000、12 000和13 000穴/667 m^2 9个种植密度处理,并对不同处理下花生主要农艺性状和产量进行了比较与分析。结果表明,在膜下滴灌条件下,不同种植密度对花生主要农艺性状和产量均产生一定的影响,其中,随着种植密度的增加,主茎高、侧枝长和荚果性状等变化较小,而总分枝数、结果枝数、单株结果数、双仁果数、饱果数以及单株生产力等性状都有逐渐下降的趋势,荚果产量间存在一定的差异,但其差异不显著(α>0.05)。尽管5 000穴/667 m^2密度下的综合农艺性状表现比其他处理的要好,但该处理下的产量表现一般。总体认为,在新疆膜下滴灌栽培条件下,机收花生13号的单产水平较高,且落果率低,该品种双粒播种的最佳密度为10 000~11 000穴/667 m^2。In order to make accurately field planting procedures of peanut and reveal its reason for high yield under mulched drip irrigation,taking machine-harvested peanut No.13 as testing material,nine planting densities including 5 000,6 000,7 000,8 000,9 000,10 000,11 000,12 000,and 13 000 holes per 667 m^2 were set up in field,and main agronomic traits and yield of peanut in different planting density treatments were analyzed and compared. The results showed that different planting density affected main agronomic traits and yield of peanut to some extent. With planting density increasing, the main stem height,length of lateral branches and pod traits were changed slightly,but branches per plant, number of pod branches per plant,number of pods per plant,number of two-seed pods per plant,full pods per plant and yield per plant decreased gradually.Although there were differences among the total pod yield with different planting density treatments,the differences were no significant（α0.05）. Despite the comprehensive agronomic traits of treatment of 5 000 holes per 667 m^2 were better than other treatments,but its yield level was common. Generally speaking, the yield level per 667 m^2 of machine-harvested peanut No.13 was very high, and the rate of pod dropping was low. It was suggested that the best two-seeds growing density was 10 000 to 11 000 holes per 667 m^2 under mulched drip irrigation in Xinjiang.

关 键 词：花生(Arachis HYPOGAEA Linn.) 膜下滴灌 种植密度 农艺性状 产量 新疆 

分 类 号：S565.2[农业科学—作物学]