深海采矿矿浆泵内颗粒流动规律的数值模拟  

Numerical simulation of particle flow trajectory in slurry pump for deep-sea mining

作　　者：徐海良[1] 曾义聪[1] 陈奇[1] 吴波[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学高性能复杂制造国家重点实验室,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第1期84-90,共7页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51375498);教育部博士点基金资助项目(20130162110004)~~

摘　　要：针对深海采矿输送系统中矿浆泵易磨损等问题,采用RNGκ-ε湍流模型求解矿浆泵内的清水流场,并与试验结果进行对比验证模拟结果的准确性;在此基础上运用离散相模型模拟颗粒流动轨迹,研究转速、流量和颗粒粒径对矿浆泵冲蚀磨损特性的影响。研究结果表明:转速越高,颗粒与过流部件壁面发生冲击的概率增大,冲击速度大幅度升高,加剧过流部件磨损;流量越大,颗粒冲击叶片压力面的位置逐渐移向叶片头部,冲击角度随之增大,颗粒出流角越大,易与导叶吸力面头部发生冲击,流动愈紊乱;小粒径颗粒未与叶轮发生冲击,但冲击空间导叶的速度较大,对空间导叶的磨损较叶轮更严重;大粒径颗粒对叶轮和空间导叶的磨损程度差别不大,更符合等寿命设计原则。As slurry pump for deep-sea mining transportation system is easy to be weared, the fluid field of the slurry pump was solved by the RNG κ-e turbulence model, and it was compared with the experimental results to check the calculation accuracy. Based on the results of the flow field, the particle flow trajectories were achieved by using discrete-phase model. The effects of pump speed, flow rate and particle diameter on the erosion characteristics of slurry pump were researched. The results show that with the increase of pump speed, probability of particle impacting on flow passage components wall increases. The impact velocity increases, which aggravates the abrasion of flow passage components. With the increase of flow rate, the location of particle impacting the blade surface gradually moves towards the inlet head of the blade, and the impact angle also increases, and the particle flow angle of the impeller increases. The particle is apt to impact on the inlet head of guide vane and flows more disorderly. The little particle never impacts on the impeller. But the velocity of particle impacting on the vaned diffuser is larger, and the erosion of the vaned diffuser is more serious than the impeller. The erosion of the large particle impacting on the impeller and vaned diffuser is little different, which is more accordant to the equivalent life design principles.

关 键 词：深海采矿 矿浆泵 空间导叶 离散相模型 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TH311[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]