水稻垩白基因Chalk5功能标记的开发与应用  

Development and Application of Two Functional Markers for Grain Chalkiness Gene Chalk5 in Rice

作　　者：朱金燕[1,2] 王晴晴[3] 王军[1,2] 范方军[1,2] 李文奇[1,2] 王芳权[1,2] 王绪鹏[4] 仲维功[1,2] 杨杰[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,国家水稻改良中心南京分中心,江苏南京210014 [2]扬州大学江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心,江苏扬州225009 [3]苏州农业职业技术学院,江苏苏州215008 [4]扬州大学生物科学与技术学院,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《华北农学报》2017年第1期1-8,共8页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31400175);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20130725);江苏省现代农业研发项目(BE2015355);江苏科技成果转化资金(BA2014134);公益性行业科研专项(201303102);扬州市农业前瞻性研究项目(YZ2014165)

摘　　要：水稻垩白是衡量水稻外观品质优劣的重要指标之一,降低稻米的垩白是培育优质水稻品种的前提。Chalk5是一个能显著降低稻米垩白从而提高稻米外观品质的主效基因。为提高垩白基因Chalk5在育种中的选择效率,在前人克隆的基础上,根据其启动子区域存在的2个功能突变位点,分别设计等位基因特异PCR(ARMS-PCR)引物,最终筛选出2对Chalk5基因的功能标记Chalk12、NChalk12和Chalk22、NChalk22,通过PCR产物测序的方法对这2对标记的检查结果进行了验证,说明Chalk12、NChalk12和Chalk22、NChalk22可以准确鉴定出Chalk5的不同基因型。利用该标记对不同来源的43份籼稻资源、江苏2007-2013年审定的65份粳稻品种和太湖流域179份粳稻地方资源进行了Chalk5基因型检测,筛选到携带chalk5低垩白率等位基因的籼稻资源20份,太湖流域粳稻地方资源仅8份,其余259份粳型资源中均不携带chalk5低垩白率等位基因,这也说明chalk5主要分布在籼型水稻资源中,在粳型资源中分布很少。Grain chalkiness is one of the important indicators to evaluate the quality of rice appearance. Re- ducing grain chalkiness is the basis for high quality rice breeding. Chalk5 is a major quantitative trait locus which has been cloned and can influence grain chalkiness. In order to increase the selection efficiency of Chalk5 in breeding, six pairs of amplification refractory mutation system PCR （ARMS-PCR） primers had been designed basing on two functional mutations in promoter region. Finally, two pairs of functional markers, Chalk12/NChalk12 and Chalk22/NChalk22 had been selected out. The sequenced results of target region were consisted with the PCR results which verified the detection accuracy of the newly designed markers. Chalk12/NChalk12 and Chalk22/NChalk22 were employed to genotype 43 indica rice varieties, 65 japonica varieties certificated in Jiangsu from 2007 to 2013, and 179 local japonica cuhivars from Taihu Basin. The results showed that only 20 indica rice varieties and 8 local japonica cultivars from Taihu Basin carried chalk5 gene, while the other 259 rice varieties car- ried Chalk5 gene. All these indicated that chalk5 mainly existing in indica germplasm.

关 键 词：水稻 垩白 Chalk5 等位基因特异PCR 功能标记Q78 

分 类 号：Q78[生物学—分子生物学]